Ansari Majid, Nourian Ruhollah, Khodaee Morteza
1Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; and 2Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, AFW Clinic, Denver, CO.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2017 Nov/Dec;16(6):404-412. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000429.
With the increasing popularity of mountain biking, also known as off-road cycling, and the riders pushing the sport into extremes, there has been a corresponding increase in injury. Almost two thirds of acute injuries involve the upper extremities, and a similar proportion of overuse injuries affect the lower extremities. Mountain biking appears to be a high-risk sport for severe spine injuries. New trends of injury patterns are observed with popularity of mountain bike trail parks and freeride cycling. Using protective gear, improving technical proficiency, and physical fitness may somewhat decrease the risk of injuries. Simple modifications in bicycle-rider interface areas and with the bicycle (bike fit) also may decrease some overuse injuries. Bike fit provides the clinician with postural correction during the sport. In this review, we also discuss the importance of race-day management strategies and monitoring the injury trends.
随着山地自行车运动（也称为越野骑行）越来越受欢迎，以及骑手们将这项运动推向极致，受伤情况也相应增加。几乎三分之二的急性损伤累及上肢，类似比例的过度使用损伤影响下肢。山地自行车运动似乎是导致严重脊柱损伤的高风险运动。随着山地自行车越野公园和自由骑行的普及，出现了新的损伤模式趋势。使用防护装备、提高技术熟练度和身体素质可能会在一定程度上降低受伤风险。对自行车与骑手接触区域以及自行车本身进行简单调整（自行车调校）也可能减少一些过度使用损伤。自行车调校能让临床医生在运动过程中进行姿势矫正。在本综述中，我们还讨论了比赛日管理策略以及监测损伤趋势的重要性。
