Artal Mariana Coletty, Dos Santos Amanda, Henry Theodore Burdick, Umbuzeiro Gisela de Aragão
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
School of Technology, University of Campinas, Limeira, 13484-332, Brazil.
Ecotoxicology. 2018 Mar;27(2):103-108. doi: 10.1007/s10646-017-1875-3. Epub 2017 Nov 15.
There is a lack of suitable tropical marine species for ecotoxicity tests. An attractive model organism for ecotoxicology is the marine amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis, which is already a model for genetic and developmental studies. This species is widespread, can tolerate changes in salinity, is easy to handle and is representative of circumtropical regions. The aim of this work was to describe standardized procedures for laboratory husbandry, define conditions for acute toxicity tests, and to provide acute toxicity test results for some reference toxicants. Culturing conditions for the organism in the laboratory were established in reconstituted seawater (30 ± 2 salinity), 24 ± 2 °C, photoperiod 12/12 h light/dark. Acute toxicity test procedures were developed for 96 h-exposure time, and organisms at ages <7 days. The miniaturized version of the test, based on 96-well microplates and 200 µL of exposure media provided consistent results compared to larger exposure volumes (80-mL vials protocol). Acute toxicity of Ag, Cd, Cu, Zn and ammonia determined for P. hawaiensis were consistent to previous results for other marine amphipods. We conclude that P. hawaiensis can be successfully cultured in standardized conditions and be effectively used in acute toxicity testing. Further development and use of this model will enable standardized and reproducible ecotoxicology investigations in understudied and vulnerable tropical marine ecosystems.
缺乏适合用于生态毒性测试的热带海洋物种。海洋生态毒理学中一种有吸引力的模式生物是海洋双足类动物夏威夷副海螯虾，它已经是遗传和发育研究的模式生物。该物种分布广泛，能耐受盐度变化，易于处理，并且是环热带地区的代表物种。这项工作的目的是描述实验室饲养的标准化程序，确定急性毒性测试的条件，并提供一些参考毒物的急性毒性测试结果。在实验室中，该生物的培养条件设定为在人工海水（盐度30±2）、24±2°C、光周期12/12小时光照/黑暗的环境下。针对96小时暴露时间和年龄小于7天的生物制定了急性毒性测试程序。基于96孔微孔板和200微升暴露介质的小型化测试版本与更大的暴露体积（80毫升小瓶方案）相比，提供了一致的结果。测定的夏威夷副海螯虾对银、镉、铜、锌和氨的急性毒性与其他海洋双足类动物的先前结果一致。我们得出结论，夏威夷副海螯虾可以在标准化条件下成功培养，并有效地用于急性毒性测试。该模型的进一步开发和应用将使在研究不足且脆弱的热带海洋生态系统中进行标准化和可重复的生态毒理学研究成为可能。
