Johnston Peter R, Park Duckchul, Smissen Rob D
a Landcare Research , Private Bag 92170 , Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Mycologia. 2017 Jul-Aug;109(4):643-654. doi: 10.1080/00275514.2017.1384712. Epub 2017 Nov 15.
High-throughput sequencing technologies using amplicon approaches have changed the way that studies investigating fungal distribution are undertaken. These powerful and time-efficient technologies have the potential for the first time to accurately map fungal distributions across landscapes or changes in diversity across ecological or biological gradients of interest. There is no requirement for a fungus to form a fruiting body to be detected, and both culturable and nonculturable organisms can be detected. Here we use high-throughput amplicon sequencing from bulk DNA extracts to test the impact that biases associated with culture-based methods had on an earlier study that compared the influence of site and host on fungal diversity in Nothofagaceae forests in New Zealand. Both detection methods sampled tissue from the same set of symptomless, living leaves. We found that both the culturing and high-throughput approaches show that host is a stronger driver of fungal community structure than site, but that both methods have some taxonomic biases. We also found that the individual trees selected for high-throughput sampling can impact the alpha-diversity detected and through this could potentially affect subsequent analyses based on a comparison of this diversity.
使用扩增子方法的高通量测序技术改变了开展真菌分布研究的方式。这些强大且高效省时的技术首次有潜力精确绘制真菌在整个景观中的分布情况，或绘制感兴趣的生态或生物梯度上的多样性变化。无需真菌形成子实体即可被检测到，并且可培养和不可培养的生物体都能被检测到。在这里，我们使用从大量DNA提取物中进行的高通量扩增子测序，来测试与基于培养的方法相关的偏差对一项早期研究的影响，该研究比较了地点和宿主对新西兰假山毛榉科森林中真菌多样性的影响。两种检测方法都从同一组无症状的活叶中采集组织样本。我们发现，培养法和高通量法都表明，宿主比地点对真菌群落结构的驱动作用更强，但两种方法都存在一些分类学偏差。我们还发现，为高通量采样所选的个体树木会影响检测到的α多样性，并由此可能会影响基于这种多样性比较的后续分析。
