Elghwaji Waleed, El-Sayed Abeer Mohamed, El-Deeb Kadriya S, ElSayed Aly M
Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
Pharmacogn Mag. 2017 Oct;13(Suppl 3):S446-S451. doi: 10.4103/pm.pm_323_15. Epub 2017 Oct 11.
L. (Apiaceae) has been considered to have abortive and menstruation-inducing properties. It used to treat sore throat, fever, indigestion, and pains.
The objective of this study is to establish the chemical composition of the essential oil of flower, leaves of , and to throw light on antimicrobial, cytotoxic activities of Libyan plant.
The chemical composition of the essential oil of flower (0.06% w/v) and leaves (0.1% w/v) of was comparatively analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using nonpolar column DB-5.
A total of 28-32 components were identified, 15 being common in both samples. The main constituents of both flower- and leave-derived oil samples were α-thujene (13.5%-2.3%), elemol (8.9%-8.3%), eudesmol (0.6%-9.7%) and cadinol (2.2%-13.8%), respectively. The principle difference was a considerably more pronounced sesquiterpenes presence in the leaves-oil, amounting to 74.0%, than in the flower counterpart (39.9%). Caryophyllene (5.6%) and elemol (8.9%) were the major sesquiterpenes detected in flower-oil while leaves-oil showed less amounts of sesquiterpenoid hydrocarbons (27.7%) and represented by eudesmadiene (9.0%). On the contrary, while remaining the dominant group in both oil samples, monoterpenoids are relatively more abundant in flower-derived oil constituting 57.7% versus 24.5% detected in leaves.
Leaves-oil sample being mostly efficient as antibacterial against and with potency 48.3, 41.9% compared to tetracycline standard antibacterial drug. The essential oil samples revealed marked cytotoxicity against breast (MCF7), cervical (HELA) and liver(HEPG2) carcinoma cell lines with IC50% (6.9, 4.8), (8.6, 10.9), and (4.4, 4.2) for the flower-, leaves-derived oil sample, respectively.
Comparative analysis of the investigated oil samples indicates more pronounced monoterpene contents in flower. The principle monoterpenoid constituents of both oils are α-thujene. Sesquiterpenes presence is considerably more pronounced in the leaves-derived oil sampleElemol, cadinol, α-thujene and a-terpinoline, the major components of the flower- and leaves-derived oil in the present work and were not detected in the Turkish sample. The differences may be due to climatic and other extrinsic conditions such as where and when the samples were collectedWhen screened for antimicrobial activity, the flower- and leaves-derived oil of exhibited a mild effect against all tested Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms. However, not displayed growth inhibitory effect against the fungus and On assessing the cytotoxic activity, the flower- and leaves-derived oil exhibited specific and significant effects on the viability of the selected human cell lines, viz., hormone-responsive breast carcinoma cell line (MCF7), cervical carcinoma cell line (HELA), and liver carcinoma cell line (HEPG2). F: Flower-derived oil of ; L: Leaves-derived oil of ; IPP: Isopentenyl pyrophosphate or also isopentenyl diphosphate; DMAPP: Dimethylally pyrophosphate or also dimethylallyl diphosphate; GPP: Geranyl pyrophosphate; GGPP: Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate; MEP: Methylerythritol phosphate pathway; FPP: Farnesyl pyrophosphate; GC/MS: Analysis gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy; SRB: Sulforhodamine B.
某植物（伞形科）被认为具有堕胎和诱导月经的特性。它曾用于治疗喉咙痛、发烧、消化不良和疼痛。
本研究的目的是确定该植物花和叶精油的化学成分，并阐明这种利比亚植物的抗菌和细胞毒性活性。
采用非极性柱DB - 5，通过气相色谱/质谱联用对该植物花（0.06% w/v）和叶（0.1% w/v）的精油化学成分进行比较分析。
共鉴定出28 - 32种成分，其中15种在两个样品中都有。花和叶精油样品的主要成分分别是α-侧柏烯（13.5% - 2.3%）、榄香醇（8.9% - 8.3%）、桉叶油醇（0.6% - 9.7%）和杜松醇（2.2% - 13.8%）。主要差异在于叶精油中倍半萜的含量明显更高，达74.0%，而花精油中为39.9%。石竹烯（5.6%）和榄香醇（8.9%）是花精油中检测到的主要倍半萜，而叶精油中倍半萜烃类含量较少（27.7%），以桉叶二烯（9.0%）为代表。相反，单萜类在两个精油样品中都是主要成分，但在花精油中相对更丰富，占57.7%，而在叶精油中为24.5%。
叶精油样品对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌效果最佳，效力分别为48.3%、41.9%，与四环素标准抗菌药物相比。精油样品对乳腺癌（MCF7）、宫颈癌（HELA）和肝癌（HEPG2）细胞系显示出显著的细胞毒性，花精油和叶精油样品的IC50%分别为（6.9，4.8）、（8.6，10.9）和（4.4，4.2）。
对所研究的精油样品进行比较分析表明，该植物花中的单萜含量更显著。两种精油的主要单萜成分都是α-侧柏烯。叶精油样品中倍半萜的存在更为明显。榄香醇、杜松醇、α-侧柏烯和α-松油醇是本研究中花和叶精油的主要成分，在土耳其样品中未检测到。这些差异可能是由于气候和其他外在条件，如样品采集的地点和时间。在筛选抗菌活性时，该植物的花和叶精油对所有测试的革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性微生物都有轻微作用。然而，对真菌没有显示出生长抑制作用。在评估细胞毒性活性时，花和叶精油对选定的人类细胞系，即激素反应性乳腺癌细胞系（MCF7）、宫颈癌细胞系（HELA）和肝癌细胞系（HEPG2）的活力表现出特定且显著的影响。F：该植物花的精油；L：该植物叶的精油；IPP：异戊烯基焦磷酸或异戊烯基二磷酸；DMAPP：二甲基烯丙基焦磷酸或二甲基烯丙基二磷酸；GPP：香叶基焦磷酸；GGPP：香叶基香叶基焦磷酸；MEP：甲基赤藓糖醇磷酸途径；FPP：法呢基焦磷酸；GC/MS：气相色谱/质谱分析；SRB：磺酰罗丹明B 。
