铁在1型糖尿病病因学中的作用：对一个长期谜团的新证据的系统评价
The Role of Iron in Type 1 Diabetes Etiology: A Systematic Review of New Evidence on a Long-Standing Mystery.
作者信息
Søgaard Karen L, Ellervik Christina, Svensson Jannet, Thorsen Steffen U
机构信息
Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Paediatrics, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730 Herlev, Denmark.
Department of Production, Research, and Innovation; Region Zealand, Alleen 15, 4180 Sorø, Denmark.
出版信息
Rev Diabet Stud. 2017 Summer-Fall;14(2-3):269-278. doi: 10.1900/RDS.2017.14.269. Epub 2017 Oct 10.
BACKGROUND
The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is rising, which might be due to the influence of environmental factors. Biological and epidemiological evidence has shown that excess iron is associated with beta-cell damage and impaired insulin secretion.
AIM
In this review, our aim was to assess the association between iron and the risk of T1D.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and EMBASE in July 2016. Studies investigating the effect of iron status/intake on the risk of developing T1D later were included, and study quality was evaluated. The results have been summarized in narrative form.
RESULTS
From a total of 931 studies screened, we included 4 observational studies evaluating iron intake from drinking water or food during early life and the risk of T1D. The quality of the studies was moderate to high assessed via the nine-star Newcastle Ottawa Scale. One out of the four studies included in this review found estimates of dietary iron intake to be associated with risk of T1D development, whereas three studies found no such relationship for estimates of iron in drinking water.
CONCLUSIONS
The limited number of studies included found dietary iron, but not iron in drinking water, to be associated with risk of T1D. Further studies are needed to clarify the association between iron and risk of T1D, especially studies including measurements of body iron status.
背景
1型糖尿病（T1D）的发病率正在上升，这可能是环境因素影响所致。生物学和流行病学证据表明，铁过量与β细胞损伤及胰岛素分泌受损有关。
目的
在本综述中，我们旨在评估铁与T1D风险之间的关联。
方法
2016年7月在PubMed和EMBASE中进行了系统的文献检索。纳入了研究铁状态/摄入量对日后发生T1D风险影响的研究，并对研究质量进行了评估。结果已以叙述形式总结。
结果
在总共筛选的931项研究中，我们纳入了4项观察性研究，评估了生命早期从饮用水或食物中摄入铁的情况以及T1D的风险。通过九星纽卡斯尔渥太华量表评估，这些研究的质量为中等至高。本综述纳入的四项研究中有一项发现膳食铁摄入量估计值与T1D发生风险相关，而三项研究未发现饮用水中铁含量估计值与T1D有此类关系。
结论
纳入的研究数量有限，发现膳食铁而非饮用水中的铁与T1D风险相关。需要进一步研究以阐明铁与T1D风险之间的关联，尤其是包括测量体内铁状态的研究。
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