Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea.
Mol Cells. 2017 Nov 30;40(11):880-887. doi: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0230. Epub 2017 Nov 16.
We hypothesized that inflammation affects number and activity of osteoclasts (OCs) via enhancing autophagy. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced autophagy, osteoclastogenesis, and cytoplasmic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in bone marrow-derived macrophages that were pre-stimulated with receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand. An autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) decreased LPS-induced OC formation and bone resorption, indicating that autophagy is responsible for increasing number and activity of OCs upon LPS stimulus. Knockdown of autophagy-related protein 7 attenuated the effect of LPS on OC-specific genes, supporting a role of LPS as an autophagy inducer in OC. Removal of ROS decreased LPS-induced OC formation as well as autophagy. However, 3-MA did not affect LPS-induced ROS levels, suggesting that ROS act upstream of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase in LPS-induced autophagy. Our results suggest the possible use of autophagy inhibitors targeting OCs to reduce inflammatory bone loss.
我们假设炎症通过增强自噬作用来影响破骨细胞(OCs)的数量和活性。脂多糖(LPS)诱导核因子-κB 配体受体激活剂预处理的骨髓来源巨噬细胞中的自噬、破骨细胞生成和细胞质活性氧(ROS)。自噬抑制剂 3-甲基腺嘌呤(3-MA)降低 LPS 诱导的 OC 形成和骨吸收,表明自噬负责增加 LPS 刺激时 OC 的数量和活性。自噬相关蛋白 7 的敲低减弱了 LPS 对 OC 特异性基因的作用,支持 LPS 作为 OC 中自噬诱导剂的作用。去除 ROS 也降低了 LPS 诱导的 OC 形成和自噬。然而,3-MA 不影响 LPS 诱导的 ROS 水平,表明 ROS 在 LPS 诱导的自噬中位于磷脂酰肌醇-4,5-二磷酸 3-激酶的上游。我们的结果表明,针对 OC 的自噬抑制剂可能被用于减少炎症性骨丢失。
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