Liu Mu-Tai, Chen Mu-Kuan, Huang Chia-Chun, Huang Chao-Yuan
Department of Radiation Oncology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nan Shiau Street, Changhua, Taiwan 500, ROC.
Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung San South Road, Taipei, Taiwan 100, ROC.
World J Oncol. 2015 Feb;6(1):243-261. doi: 10.14740/wjon610w. Epub 2015 Feb 14.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of molecular biomarkers which could provide information for more accurate prognostication and development of novel therapeutic strategies for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). NPC is a unique malignant epithelial carcinoma of head and neck region, with an intimate association with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Currently, the prediction of NPC prognosis is mainly based on the clinical TNM staging; however, NPC patients with the same clinical stage often present different clinical outcomes, suggesting that the TNM stage is insufficient to precisely predict the prognosis of this disease. In this review, we give an overview of the prognostic value of molecular markers in NPC and discuss potential strategies of targeted therapies for treatment of NPC. Molecular biomarkers, which play roles in abnormal proliferation signaling pathways (such as Wnt/β-catenin pathway), intracellular mitogenic signal aberration (such as hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α), receptor-mediated aberrations (such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)), tumor suppressors (such as p16 and p27 activity), cell cycle aberrations (such as cyclin D1 and cyclin E), cell adhesion aberrations (such as E-cadherin), apoptosis dysregualtion (such as survivin) and centromere aberration (centromere protein H), are prognostic markers for NPC. Plasma EBV DNA concentrations and EBV-encoded latent membrane proteins are also prognostic markers for NPC. Implication of molecular targeted therapies in NPC was discussed. Such therapies could have potential in combination with different cytotoxic agents to combat and eradicate tumor cells. In order to further improve overall survival for patients with loco-regionally advanced NPC, the development of innovative strategies, including prognostic molecular markers and molecular targeted agents is needed.
本研究的目的是评估分子生物标志物的预后意义，这些标志物可为鼻咽癌（NPC）更准确的预后评估及新治疗策略的开发提供信息。NPC是头颈部区域一种独特的恶性上皮癌，与爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）密切相关。目前，NPC预后的预测主要基于临床TNM分期；然而，具有相同临床分期的NPC患者往往呈现不同的临床结局，这表明TNM分期不足以精确预测该疾病的预后。在本综述中，我们概述了分子标志物在NPC中的预后价值，并讨论了NPC治疗的靶向治疗潜在策略。分子生物标志物在异常增殖信号通路（如Wnt/β-连环蛋白通路）、细胞内促有丝分裂信号异常（如缺氧诱导因子（HIF）-1α）、受体介导的异常（如血管内皮生长因子（VEGF））、肿瘤抑制因子（如p16和p27活性）、细胞周期异常（如细胞周期蛋白D1和细胞周期蛋白E）、细胞黏附异常（如E-钙黏蛋白）、凋亡失调（如生存素）和着丝粒异常（着丝粒蛋白H）中发挥作用，是NPC的预后标志物。血浆EBV DNA浓度和EBV编码的潜伏膜蛋白也是NPC的预后标志物。还讨论了分子靶向治疗在NPC中的应用。此类治疗可能有潜力与不同的细胞毒性药物联合使用以对抗和根除肿瘤细胞。为了进一步提高局部区域晚期NPC患者的总生存率，需要开发包括预后分子标志物和分子靶向药物在内的创新策略。
Zotero 插件