Simone J V
Cancer Res. 1979 Nov;39(11):4301-7.
Childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a model for the study of disseminated cancer. It is always disseminated and relatively uniform, it is accessible to repetitive tissue sampling, and we have highly effective chemotherapy for it. The first systematic, controlled trials of cancer therapy were designed for patients with ALL by physicians with the courage and audacity to aim for cure of a "hopeless" disease. The concept of leukemia cell subpopulations in each patient received major clinical support from ALL. The pharmacological sanctuary, typified by the meninges, was first discovered and specifically attacked in ALL. Combination therapy, aggressive therapy during remission, phase-specific therapy, and the interrelationships of phases of therapy were developed first in ALL. Since leukemia cell features, such as T-cell characteristics, correlate with responsiveness to therapy, powerful new tools may be developed to improve the biological specifically of therapy. In addition to the gratifying results of therapy over the past two decades, childhood ALL continuity offers opportunities for biological research as well as improved therapy for ALL and other forms of disseminated cancer.
儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）是研究播散性癌症的一个模型。它总是呈播散性且相对均匀，可进行重复性组织采样，并且我们对其有高效的化疗方法。癌症治疗的首批系统性、对照试验是由有勇气和胆识旨在治愈一种“无望”疾病的医生为ALL患者设计的。每位患者白血病细胞亚群的概念在ALL中获得了主要的临床支持。以脑膜为代表的药物庇护所首先在ALL中被发现并受到专门攻击。联合疗法、缓解期的强化疗法、阶段特异性疗法以及各治疗阶段的相互关系首先在ALL中得以发展。由于白血病细胞特征，如T细胞特性，与治疗反应性相关，因此可能开发出强大的新工具来提高治疗的生物学特异性。除了过去二十年治疗取得的令人满意的结果外，儿童ALL的连续性为生物学研究以及改善ALL和其他形式播散性癌症的治疗提供了机会。
