Bou Nasser Eddine Farah, Ramia Elise, Tosi Giovanna, Forlani Greta, Accolla Roberto S
Department of Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
Oncoimmunology. 2017 Jul 31;6(11):e1356149. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2017.1356149. eCollection 2017.
Although recent therapeutic approaches have revitalized the enthusiasm of the immunological way to combat cancer, still the comprehension of immunity against tumors is largely incomplete. Due to their specific function, CD8+ T cells with cytolytic activity (CTL) have attracted the attention of most investigators because CTL are considered the main effectors against tumor cells. Nevertheless, CTL activity and persistence is largely dependent on the action of CD4+ T helper cells (TH). Thus establishment of tumor-specific TH cell response is key to the optimal response against cancer. Here we describe emerging new strategies to increase the TH cell recognition of tumor antigens. In particular, we review recent data indicating that tumor cells themselves can act as surrogate antigen presenting cells for triggering TH response and how these findings can help in constructing immunotherapeutic protocols for anti-cancer vaccine development.
尽管最近的治疗方法重新激发了通过免疫途径对抗癌症的热情，但对肿瘤免疫的理解在很大程度上仍不完整。由于其特定功能，具有细胞溶解活性的CD8 + T细胞（CTL）吸引了大多数研究人员的关注，因为CTL被认为是对抗肿瘤细胞的主要效应细胞。然而，CTL的活性和持久性在很大程度上依赖于CD4 + T辅助细胞（TH）的作用。因此，建立肿瘤特异性TH细胞反应是对抗癌症的最佳反应的关键。在这里，我们描述了增加TH细胞对肿瘤抗原识别的新兴新策略。特别是，我们回顾了最近的数据，这些数据表明肿瘤细胞本身可以作为替代抗原呈递细胞来触发TH反应，以及这些发现如何有助于构建用于抗癌疫苗开发的免疫治疗方案。
