Trinh T X, Heinke S, Rode C, Schenkl S, Hubig M, Mall G, Muggenthaler Holger
Institute of Legal Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
Motionscience, Institute of Sport Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
Int J Legal Med. 2018 Mar;132(2):499-508. doi: 10.1007/s00414-017-1734-z. Epub 2017 Nov 16.
In blunt force trauma to the head caused by attacks with blunt instruments, contact forces can be estimated based on the conservation of momentum if impact velocities are known. The aims of this work were to measure maximum striking velocities and to examine the influence of rod parameters such as rod mass and length as well as volunteer parameters such as sex, age, body height, body mass, body mass index and the average amount of physical exercise. Steel rods with masses of 500, 1000 and 1500 g as well as lengths of 40, 65 and 90 cm were exemplarily tested as blunt instruments. Twenty-nine men and 22 women participated in this study. Each volunteer performed several vertical strikes with the steel rods onto a passive immobile target. Maximum striking velocities were measured by means of a Qualisys motion capture system using high-speed cameras and infrared light. Male volunteers achieved maximum striking velocities between 14.0 and 35.5 m/s whereas female volunteers achieved values between 10.4 and 28.3 m/s. Results show that maximum striking velocities increased with smaller rod masses and less consistently with higher rod lengths. Statistically significant influences were found in the volunteers' sex and average amount of physical exercise.
在钝器袭击导致的头部钝力创伤中，如果已知撞击速度，可根据动量守恒来估算接触力。本研究的目的是测量最大打击速度，并研究诸如棒的质量和长度等棒参数以及诸如性别、年龄、身高、体重、体重指数和体育锻炼平均量等志愿者参数的影响。作为钝器，示例性地测试了质量为500、1000和1500克以及长度为40、65和90厘米的钢棒。29名男性和22名女性参与了本研究。每位志愿者用钢棒对一个被动固定的目标进行多次垂直打击。通过使用高速摄像机和红外光的Qualisys运动捕捉系统测量最大打击速度。男性志愿者的最大打击速度在14.0至35.5米/秒之间，而女性志愿者的速度在10.4至28.3米/秒之间。结果表明，最大打击速度随着棒质量的减小而增加，而随着棒长度的增加则不太一致。在志愿者的性别和体育锻炼平均量方面发现了具有统计学意义的影响。
