UTM-MIT Sustainability City Program, Institut Sultan Iskandar (ISI), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Malaysia; Chemical Reaction Engineering Group, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Malaysia.
Chemical Reaction Engineering Group, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Malaysia.
Waste Manag. 2018 Mar;73:256-264. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.019. Epub 2017 Nov 15.
As the world's second largest palm oil producer and exporter, Malaysia could capitalize on its oil palm biomass waste for power generation. The emission factors from this renewable energy source are far lower than that of fossil fuels. This study applies an integrated carbon accounting and mitigation (INCAM) model to calculate the amount of CO emissions from two biomass thermal power plants. The CO emissions released from biomass plants utilizing empty fruit bunch (EFB) and palm oil mill effluent (POME), as alternative fuels for powering steam and gas turbines, were determined using the INCAM model. Each section emitting CO in the power plant, known as the carbon accounting center (CAC), was measured for its carbon profile (CP) and carbon index (CI). The carbon performance indicator (CPI) included electricity, fuel and water consumption, solid waste and waste-water generation. The carbon emission index (CEI) and carbon emission profile (CEP), based on the total monthly carbon production, were determined across the CPI. Various innovative strategies resulted in a 20%-90% reduction of CO emissions. The implementation of reduction strategies significantly reduced the CO emission levels. Based on the model, utilization of EFB and POME in the facilities could significantly reduce the CO emissions and increase the potential for waste to energy initiatives.
作为世界上第二大棕榈油生产国和出口国，马来西亚可以利用其油棕生物质废料来发电。这种可再生能源的排放因子远低于化石燃料。本研究应用综合碳核算和减排（INCAM）模型来计算两座生物质热电厂的 CO 排放量。该模型用于确定利用空果串（EFB）和棕榈油厂废水（POME）作为蒸汽和燃气轮机动力的替代燃料的生物质厂释放的 CO 排放量。电厂中每个排放 CO 的部分，称为碳核算中心（CAC），都根据其碳概况（CP）和碳指数（CI）进行了测量。碳绩效指标（CPI）包括电、燃料和水的消耗、固体废物和废水的产生。基于总月碳产量，确定了碳排放量指数（CEI）和碳排放量概况（CEP）。各种创新策略可将 CO 排放量减少 20%-90%。减排策略的实施显著降低了 CO 排放水平。根据该模型，在这些设施中利用 EFB 和 POME 可以显著减少 CO 排放，并增加废物能源利用的潜力。
