Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Dental Research & Training Unit, and Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Mar 1;213:118-131. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.009. Epub 2017 Nov 14.
Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl, is a famous traditional medicinal plant which exhibited cytotoxicity against various cancerous cells. Traditionally, P. macrocarpa has been used to control cancer, impotency, hemorrhoids, diabetes mellitus, allergies, liver and heart disease, kidney disorders, blood diseases, acne, stroke, migraine, and various skin diseases.
Recent studies have demonstrated a potent anticancer potential of P. macrocarpa, especially against HeLa cell. The objective of this study was to investigate the regulation of miRNAs on MDA-MB-231 treated with P. macrocarpa ethyl acetate fraction (PMEAF).
The regulation of miRNAs on MDA-MB-231 cells treated with PMEAF was studied through IIlumina, Hi-Seq. 2000 platform of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and various in silico bioinformatics tools.
The PMEAF treatment against MDA-MB-231 cells identified 10 upregulated and 10 downregulated miRNAs. A set of 606 target genes of 10 upregulated miRNAs and 517 target genes of 10 downregulated miRNAs were predicted based on computational and validated databases by using miRGate DB Query. Meanwhile, results from DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.8 specified the functional annotation of the upregulated miRNAs involvement in cancer pathway by suppressing the oncogenes and downregulating miRNAs by expressing the tumour suppressor genes in the regulation of apoptosis pathway.
In conclusion, the results of this study proved that PMEAF is a promising anticancer agent with high cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and it induced apoptotic cell death mechanism through the regulation of miRNAs. PMEAF might be the best candidate for developing more potent anticancer drugs or chemo preventive supplements.
Phaleria macrocarpa（Scheff）Boerl 是一种著名的传统药用植物，对各种癌细胞表现出细胞毒性。传统上，P. macrocarpa 被用于控制癌症、阳痿、痔疮、糖尿病、过敏、肝脏和心脏病、肾脏疾病、血液疾病、痤疮、中风、偏头痛和各种皮肤病。
最近的研究表明，P. macrocarpa 具有很强的抗癌潜力，特别是对 HeLa 细胞。本研究的目的是研究 PMEAF 处理 MDA-MB-231 后 miRNA 的调节。
通过 Illumina、Hi-Seq. 2000 平台的下一代测序（NGS）和各种计算生物信息学工具研究 PMEAF 对 MDA-MB-231 细胞的 miRNA 调节。
PMEAF 处理 MDA-MB-231 细胞鉴定出 10 个上调和 10 个下调的 miRNA。基于计算和验证数据库，使用 miRGate DB Query 预测了 10 个上调 miRNA 的 606 个靶基因和 10 个下调 miRNA 的 517 个靶基因。同时，DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.8 的结果指定了上调 miRNA 的功能注释，这些 miRNA 通过抑制癌基因和下调 miRNA 参与癌症途径，通过表达肿瘤抑制基因在凋亡途径中发挥作用。
总之，这项研究的结果证明，PMEAF 是一种有前途的抗癌剂，对 MDA-MB-231 乳腺癌细胞具有高细胞毒性，它通过 miRNA 的调节诱导细胞凋亡死亡机制。PMEAF 可能是开发更有效的抗癌药物或化学预防补充剂的最佳候选药物。
