Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia School of Medicine, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia School of Medicine, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Health Research Methodology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Environ Res. 2018 Feb;161:122-128. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.002. Epub 2017 Nov 20.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a pervasive environmental toxicant with known reproductive effects on sperm parameters and hormone levels. Several observational studies have investigated the associations between BPA exposure and male reproductive function, but findings are inconsistent. The objective of this study was to assess the associations between urinary BPA concentrations and semen quality and reproductive hormone levels in a cross-sectional study with 215 healthy young university students (18-23 years old), investigated between 2010 and 2011 in Southern Spain (Murcia Region). All subjects provided urine, blood serum and semen samples on a single day. Urinary BPA concentrations were measured by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection. Semen quality was evaluated by measuring volume, concentration, motility, morphology and total sperm count (TSC). Serum samples were analyzed for reproductive hormones, including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, inhibin B and estradiol. Relationships between urinary BPA concentrations and semen quality parameters and reproductive hormone levels were examined using linear regression, adjusting for potential confounders and covariates. Ninety-five percent of the men had detectable urinary BPA concentrations with unadjusted median (5th-95th) of 2.8 (0.16-11.5) ng/mL. After adjustment for important covariates, there was a significant positive association between urinary BPA concentrations and serum LH levels (β = 0.07, 95%CI: 0.02;0.12, p-value < 0.01). Urinary BPA concentration was also significantly and inversely associated with sperm concentration (β = - 0.04, 95%CI: - 0.07;- 0.02, p-value < 0.01) and TSC (β = - 0.05, 95%CI: - 0.08;- 0.02, p-value < 0.01). No significant associations were found between BPA and other semen parameters or reproductive hormone levels. Our results support the hypothesis that BPA exposure may be associated with a reduction in Leydig cell capacity (increased LH levels) and decreased sperm counts in young men.
双酚 A（BPA）是一种普遍存在的环境毒物，已知对精子参数和激素水平具有生殖影响。一些观察性研究调查了 BPA 暴露与男性生殖功能之间的关系，但结果不一致。本研究的目的是评估 2010 年至 2011 年在西班牙南部（穆尔西亚地区）进行的一项横断面研究中，215 名健康年轻大学生（18-23 岁）的尿中 BPA 浓度与精液质量和生殖激素水平之间的关系。所有受试者在同一天提供尿液、血清和精液样本。通过分散液-液微萃取和超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测法测量尿中 BPA 浓度。通过测量体积、浓度、活力、形态和总精子计数（TSC）来评估精液质量。分析血清样本中的生殖激素，包括卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）、睾酮、抑制素 B 和雌二醇。使用线性回归检验尿中 BPA 浓度与精液质量参数和生殖激素水平之间的关系，调整潜在混杂因素和协变量。95%的男性尿液中可检测到 BPA，未经调整的中位数（第 5 至 95 个百分位数）为 2.8（0.16-11.5）ng/ml。在调整了重要的混杂因素后，尿中 BPA 浓度与血清 LH 水平呈显著正相关（β=0.07，95%CI：0.02；0.12，p 值<0.01）。尿中 BPA 浓度与精子浓度（β=-0.04，95%CI：-0.07；-0.02，p 值<0.01）和 TSC（β=-0.05，95%CI：-0.08；-0.02，p 值<0.01）呈显著负相关。BPA 与其他精液参数或生殖激素水平之间无显著相关性。我们的结果支持 BPA 暴露可能与年轻男性的睾丸间质细胞功能（LH 水平升高）降低和精子计数减少有关的假设。
