Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20A, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Land and Water Resources Engineering Division, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 76, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20A, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Environ Pollut. 2018 Jun;237:1098-1105. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.038. Epub 2017 Nov 20.
This work investigates whether aquatic moss (Warnstorfia fluitans) originating from an arsenic (As)-contaminated wetland close to a mine tailings impoundment may be used for phytofiltration of As. The aim was to elucidate the capacity of W. fluitans to remove As from arsenite and arsenate contaminated water, how nutrients affect the As uptake and the proportion of As adsorption and absorption by the moss plant, which consists of dead and living parts. Arsenic removal from 0, 1, or 10% Hoagland nutrient solution containing 0-100 μM arsenate was followed over 192 h, and the total As in aquatic moss after treatment was analysed. The uptake and speciation of As in moss cultivated in water containing 10 μM arsenate or arsenite were examined as As uptake in living (absorption + adsorption) and dead (adsorption) plant parts. Results indicated that W. fluitans removed up to 82% of As from the water within one hour when 1 μM arsenate was added in the absence of nutrients. The removal time increased with greater nutrient and As concentrations. Up to 100 μM As had no toxic effect on the plant biomass. Both arsenite and arsenate were removed from the solution to similar extents and, independent of the As species added, more arsenate than arsenite was found in the plant. Of the As taken up, over 90% was firmly bound to the tissue, a possible mechanism for resisting high As concentrations. Arsenic was both absorbed and adsorbed by the moss, and twice as much As was found in living parts as in dead moss tissue. This study revealed that W. fluitans has potential to serve as a phytofilter for removing As from As-contaminated water without displaying any toxic effects of the metalloid.
本研究旨在探讨源自临近矿山尾矿库的受砷污染湿地的水生藓(Warnstorfia fluitans)是否可用于砷的植物过滤。目的是阐明 W. fluitans 从亚砷酸盐和砷酸盐污染水中去除砷的能力、营养物质如何影响砷的吸收以及苔藓植物（由死体和活体部分组成）对砷的吸附和吸收比例。在 192 小时内跟踪了含有 0-100μM 砷酸盐的 0%、1%或 10% Hoagland 营养液中从 0 去除砷的情况，并分析了处理后水生藓中的总砷含量。在含有 10μM 砷酸盐或亚砷酸盐的水中培养苔藓时，研究了砷在苔藓中的吸收和形态，将其分为活体（吸附+吸收）和死体（吸附）植物部分的砷吸收。结果表明，当 1μM 砷酸盐在缺乏营养物质的情况下添加到水中时，W. fluitans 在一小时内可去除水中高达 82%的砷。去除时间随着营养物质和砷浓度的增加而增加。高达 100μM 的砷对植物生物量没有毒性作用。亚砷酸盐和砷酸盐均从溶液中被去除到相似的程度，且与添加的砷形态无关，植物中砷酸盐的含量高于亚砷酸盐。在吸收的砷中，超过 90%与组织牢固结合，这可能是抵抗高砷浓度的一种机制。砷被苔藓吸收和吸附，活体部分的砷含量是死体苔藓组织的两倍。这项研究表明，W. fluitans 具有从受砷污染的水中去除砷而不表现出任何类金属毒性的潜力。
