Invasive morphological transitions and immunoadaptations mediating antifungal resistance.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Thom is a pathogen of public health and agricultural importance for its seamless abilities to expand its ecological niche. The aim of this study was holistically to investigate morphological and immunoadaptations and their implication in antifungal resistance and proliferation during infection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In-depth unstructured mining of relevant peer-reviewed literature was performed for morphological, immune, resistance, and genetic diversity based on the sequenced calmodulin-like gene.

RESULTS

Accessory conidia and phialidic conidia produced by confer discrete anti-fungal resistance that ensures survivability during therapies. Interestingly, by producing unique metabolites such as Asp-melanin and terretonin, is capable of hijacking macrophages and scavenging iron, respectively. As such, has established a rare mechanism to mitigate phagocytosis and swing the interaction dynamics in favor of its proliferation and survival in hosts.

CONCLUSION

It is further unraveled that besides genetic diversity, morphological, biochemical, and immunologic adaptations associated with conidia germination and discharge of chemical signals during infection enable masking of the host defense as an integral part of its strategy to survive and rapidly colonize hosts.