Sánchez-Ramón Silvia, Faure Florence
Department of Clinical Immunology and IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Microbiology I, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2017 Oct 27;11:340. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00340. eCollection 2017.
The recognition of internal and external sources of stimuli, the self from non-self, seems to be an intrinsic property to the adequate functioning of the immune system and the nervous system, both complex network systems that have evolved to safeguard the self biological identity of the organism. The mammalian brain development relies on dynamic and adaptive processes that are now well described. However, the rules dictating this highly constrained developmental process remain elusive. Here we hypothesize that there is a cellular basis for brain selfhood, based on the analogy of the global mechanisms that drive the self/non-self recognition and instruction by the immune system. education within the thymus by multi-step selection processes discard overly low and high affinity T-lymphocytes to self stimuli, thus avoiding expendable or autoreactive responses that might lead to harmful autoimmunity. We argue that the self principle is one of the chief determinants of neocortical brain neurogenesis. According to our hypothesis, early-life education on self at the subcortical plate of the neocortex by selection processes might participate in the striking specificity of neuronal repertoire and assure efficiency and self tolerance. Potential implications of this hypothesis in self-reactive neurological pathologies are discussed, particularly involving consciousness-associated pathophysiological conditions, i.e., epilepsy and schizophrenia, for which we coined the term autophrenity.
识别刺激的内部和外部来源，即自我与非自我，似乎是免疫系统和神经系统正常运作的内在属性，这两个复杂的网络系统已经进化以保护生物体的自我生物身份。哺乳动物的大脑发育依赖于现在已被充分描述的动态和适应性过程。然而，支配这一高度受限发育过程的规则仍然难以捉摸。在此，我们假设基于驱动免疫系统进行自我/非自我识别和指令的全局机制的类比，大脑自我存在细胞基础。胸腺内通过多步骤选择过程进行的教育会摒弃对自身刺激亲和力过低和过高的T淋巴细胞，从而避免可能导致有害自身免疫的消耗性或自身反应性反应。我们认为自我原则是新皮质脑神经元生成的主要决定因素之一。根据我们的假设，新皮质皮质下板在生命早期通过选择过程进行的自我教育可能参与了神经元库的显著特异性，并确保效率和自我耐受性。本文讨论了这一假设在自身反应性神经病理学中的潜在影响，特别是涉及与意识相关的病理生理状况，即癫痫和精神分裂症，我们为此创造了“自身意识障碍”一词。
