Garrido Pedro Miguel Clemente, Borges-Costa João
Unidade de Investigacao em Dermatologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa (FMUL) - Lisbon, Portugal.
Clinica Dermatologica da Universidade de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, EPE (CHLN) - Lisbon, Portugal.
An Bras Dermatol. 2017 Sep-Oct;92(5):638-641. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20176040.
Immunosuppressive therapy, which is necessary to avoid graft rejection in renal transplant recipients, presents an increased risk of several pathologies, namely infectious and neoplastic.
To identify the most frequent skin diseases and their clinical and demographical risk factors within a population of renal transplant recipients.
A retrospective study of renal transplant recipients referred to dermatology visit and observed for the first time from January 2008 to December 2014.
The study included 197 patients, 120 men (60,9%). Mean age was 50,7 years (±13,4). 12 patients (6,1%) had previous skin cancer. Infections were the most frequent reason of referral (93/197; 44%). From the total referred, 18,3% (36/197) presented pre-cancerous lesions. Malignancy was diagnosed in 36 patients (18,3%), with 29 non-melanoma skin cancers (14,7%) and 7 Kaposi sarcomas (3,6%). Ratio of basal cell carcinoma to squamous cell carcinoma was 1,1:1. Non-melanoma skin cancer was significantly associated with older age (p = 0,002), male gender (p = 0,028), history of previous skin cancer (p = 0,002) and higher duration of immunosuppressive therapy (p<0,001).
Retrospective study, with data from the first visit in dermatology. We didn't made classification on skin-types.
The great incidence of cutaneous infections and skin cancer is responsible for a significant morbidity. It is important to assure the regular dermatological follow-up of renal transplant recipients, which will promote the prevention, an early diagnosis and an efficient treatment.
免疫抑制疗法是肾移植受者避免移植排斥所必需的，但会增加多种疾病的风险，尤其是感染性和肿瘤性疾病。
确定肾移植受者群体中最常见的皮肤疾病及其临床和人口统计学风险因素。
对2008年1月至2014年12月首次转诊至皮肤科就诊并接受观察的肾移植受者进行回顾性研究。
该研究纳入了197例患者，其中男性120例（60.9%）。平均年龄为50.7岁（±13.4）。12例患者（6.1%）曾患皮肤癌。感染是转诊的最常见原因（93/197；44%）。在所有转诊患者中，18.3%（36/197）有癌前病变。36例患者（18.3%）被诊断为恶性肿瘤，其中29例为非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（14.7%），7例为卡波西肉瘤（3.6%）。基底细胞癌与鳞状细胞癌的比例为1.1:1。非黑色素瘤皮肤癌与年龄较大（p = 0.002）、男性（p = 0.028）、既往皮肤癌病史（p = 0.002）以及免疫抑制治疗时间较长显著相关（p<0.001）。
回顾性研究，数据来自皮肤科首次就诊。我们未对皮肤类型进行分类。
皮肤感染和皮肤癌的高发病率导致了显著的发病率。确保肾移植受者定期进行皮肤科随访非常重要，这将促进预防、早期诊断和有效治疗。
