Yang Yu, Shi Xu, Ballent Wendy, Mayer Brooke K
Water Environ Res. 2017 Dec 1;89(12):2122-2135. doi: 10.2175/106143017X15054988926424.
This review summarizes the main species of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) and algae, illustrates their pathways and key enzymes, discusses biological phosphorous (P) recovery from dilute waters, and identifies research avenues to encourage adoption and implementation. Phylogenic analysis indicates that the Proteobacteria phylum plays an important role in enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). The use of meta-transcriptome analysis and single cell-based techniques to help overcome the challenges associated with non-PAO competition was discussed. For algae capable of luxury phosphorus uptake, fundamental research is needed to illustrate the phosphorus regulation process and key proteins involved. Emerging technologies and processes have great potential to further advance phosphorus recovery, including combined PAO/algae reactors, bioelectrochemical systems, and biosorption by phosphorus binding proteins. As the paradigm shifts toward holistic resource recovery, research is needed to explore P+ recovery with other resources (e.g., metals from sludge), using a combination of biological and chemical approaches.
本综述总结了聚磷菌（PAO）和藻类的主要种类，阐述了它们的代谢途径和关键酶，讨论了从稀溶液中生物回收磷的方法，并确定了促进该方法采用和实施的研究方向。系统发育分析表明，变形菌门在强化生物除磷（EBPR）中起着重要作用。讨论了利用宏转录组分析和基于单细胞的技术来帮助克服与非聚磷菌竞争相关的挑战。对于能够过量吸收磷的藻类，需要开展基础研究以阐明磷的调控过程及相关关键蛋白。新兴技术和工艺在进一步推进磷回收方面具有巨大潜力，包括聚磷菌/藻类联合反应器、生物电化学系统以及磷结合蛋白的生物吸附。随着范式向整体资源回收转变，需要开展研究以探索结合生物和化学方法从其他资源（如污泥中的金属）中回收磷的方法。
