Dummel Sebastian, Hübner Ronald
1 Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Germany.
2 Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Germany.
Exp Psychol. 2017 Sep;64(5):338-345. doi: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000373.
Recent research has shown that even non-salient stimuli (colored circles) can gain attentional weight, when they have been loaded with some value through previous reward learning. The present study examined such value-based attentional weighting with intrinsically rewarding food stimuli. Different snacks were assumed to have different values for people due to individual food preferences. Participants indicated their preferences toward various snacks and then performed a flanker task with these snacks: they had to categorize a target snack as either sweet or salty; irrelevant flanker snacks were either compatible or incompatible with the target category. Results of a linear mixed-effects model show that the effect of flanker compatibility on participants' performance (response times) increased with the participants' preference toward the flanking snacks. This shows, for the first time, that attentional weightings in a flanker task with naturalistic stimuli (snacks) are modulated by participants' preferences toward the flankers.
最近的研究表明，即使是非显著刺激（彩色圆圈），当它们通过先前的奖励学习被赋予一定价值时，也能获得注意力权重。本研究使用具有内在奖励性的食物刺激来检验这种基于价值的注意力加权。由于个人食物偏好，不同的零食对人们具有不同的价值。参与者表明了他们对各种零食的偏好，然后用这些零食进行了一项侧翼任务：他们必须将目标零食分类为甜或咸；无关的侧翼零食与目标类别要么兼容要么不兼容。线性混合效应模型的结果表明，侧翼兼容性对参与者表现（反应时间）的影响随着参与者对侧翼零食的偏好而增加。这首次表明，在使用自然刺激（零食）的侧翼任务中，注意力加权受到参与者对侧翼刺激偏好的调节。
