Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neurocience Program, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Defence Research and Development Canada, Toronto Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2018 Oct;132(Pt A):55-61. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2017.11.006. Epub 2017 Nov 22.
Public concern has been a catalyst for an emerging body of research investigating the potential long-term negative health consequences associated with sport-related concussion and subconcussive impacts. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on mental health measures associated with sport-related brain injuries in former athletes. Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsychINFO databases were used. Thirteen studies were included in the final review. We identified a consistent positive association between a history of concussion and depression among former athletes, although the underlying causation remains unclear. Limited and inconsistent findings were observed in studies that evaluated subconcussive impacts. Overall, several methodological shortcomings were noted, including selection bias, research design, operational definitions, and measurement tools. Future research will benefit from employing prospective longitudinal studies, surveillance data systems and standardized collection methods, and should attempt to account for psychosocial modifiers or confounders when reporting the mental health status of former athletes. This area would also benefit from studies that include equal representation of male and female athletes, examine mental health disorders beyond depression, and assess a variety of sports and competition levels.
公众关注是促使人们开展大量研究的催化剂，这些研究旨在调查与运动相关的脑震荡和亚临床冲击相关的潜在长期负面健康后果。我们对与前运动员脑外伤相关的心理健康措施进行了系统的文献回顾。使用了 Ovid MEDLINE、EMBASE、CINAHL 和 PsychINFO 数据库。最终综述共纳入了 13 项研究。我们发现，前运动员的脑震荡史与抑郁之间存在一致的正相关关系，但潜在的因果关系仍不清楚。评估亚临床冲击的研究观察到的结果有限且不一致。总体而言，我们注意到几个方法学上的缺陷，包括选择偏倚、研究设计、操作定义和测量工具。未来的研究将受益于采用前瞻性纵向研究、监测数据系统和标准化的收集方法，并在报告前运动员的心理健康状况时，应尝试考虑心理社会修饰因子或混杂因素。这个领域还将受益于包括男性和女性运动员平等代表、研究抑郁症以外的心理健康障碍以及评估各种运动和比赛水平的研究。
