Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States of America.
Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 Sep 7;17(9):e0273229. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273229. eCollection 2022.
Little is known about the individual factors, such as knowledge and attitudes (i.e., football safety knowledge, football attitudes), related to adults' willingness to allow adolescents to participate in tackle football. To address this gap, this study examined the extent to which football safety knowledge and attitudes toward head injury risk are associated with adults' willingness to allow teenage boys to play high school tackle football. Data were obtained from an internet-based survey of a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults aged 18 to 93 years (n = 1,018). We conducted multilevel linear regression modelling to examine independent effects of the football safety knowledge- and attitude-based predictors. Our analyses revealed that knowledge of football safety measures, along with four of the five attitude-based variables were significantly associated with adults' willingness to allow teenagers to participate in tackle football, over and above demographic factors. This study provides the first nationally representative examination of willingness to allow tackle football participation while extending our understanding of the gap between policy, public perception, and behavior present in U.S. high school football. These results point to promising directions for stakeholders aiming to increase tackle football participation as an increased understanding of the factors associated with participation may help inform effective policymaking, intervention design, and parental decision making.
目前对于与成年人允许青少年参加触身式橄榄球相关的个体因素（例如知识和态度，即足球安全知识、足球态度）知之甚少。为了填补这一空白，本研究探讨了足球安全知识和对头颈受伤风险的态度与成年人允许十几岁男孩参加高中触身式橄榄球的意愿之间的关联程度。本研究的数据来自对 18 至 93 岁的美国成年人进行的一项基于互联网的全国代表性样本调查（n=1018）。我们进行了多层次线性回归模型分析，以检验基于足球安全知识和态度的预测因素的独立影响。我们的分析表明，足球安全措施知识以及五个态度变量中的四个与成年人允许青少年参加触身式橄榄球的意愿显著相关，这超过了人口统计学因素的影响。本研究首次对允许青少年参加触身式橄榄球的意愿进行了全国代表性的考察，同时扩展了我们对美国高中橄榄球中政策、公众看法和行为之间差距的理解。这些结果为希望增加触身式橄榄球参与度的利益相关者指明了有希望的方向，因为对与参与相关的因素的理解可能有助于为有效的政策制定、干预设计和家长决策提供信息。
