Regulation of thymidylate synthase gene expression in mouse fibroblasts synchronized by mitotic selection.

Previous studies have shown that thymidylate synthase gene expression is regulated over a wide range in response to growth stimulation in cultured mouse fibroblasts. In the present study we show that the gene is also regulated during the cell cycle in continuously growing cells. Our analyses were conducted with a fluorodeoxyuridine-resistant mouse 3T6 cell line that overproduces thymidylate synthase and its mRNA by a factor of 50 due to gene amplification. Cells were synchronized by mitotic selection. RNA blot analyses showed that the amount of thymidylate synthase mRNA increased 5- to 10-fold as cells progressed from G1 through the middle of S phase. S1 nuclease protection assays showed that the pattern of 5' termini of thymidylate synthase mRNA was the same in G1 and S phase. Despite the large increase in thymidylate synthase mRNA content, the level of the enzyme increased only by a factor of 2 as cells progressed from G1 to mid S phase. This apparent discrepancy can be explained by the fact that the enzyme is highly stable.