人体胆固醇代谢：方法综述及结果比较。
Cholesterol metabolism in humans: a review of methods and comparison of results.
机构信息
Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Lipidol. 2018 Feb;29(1):1-9. doi: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000475.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Cholesterol metabolism has been the object of intense investigation for decades. This review focuses on classical and novel methods assessing in vivo cholesterol metabolism in humans. Two factors have fueled cholesterol metabolism studies in the last few years: the renewed interest in the study of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) as an atheroprotective mechanism and the importance of the gut microbiome in affecting cholesterol metabolism.
RECENT FINDINGS
Recent applications of these methods have spanned from the assessment of the effect on cholesterol synthesis, absorption or excretion of drugs (such as ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors and plant sterols) and the gut microbiome to the more complex assessment of transintestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE) and RCT.
SUMMARY
These methods continue to be a valuable tool to answer novel questions and investigate the complexity of in-vivo cholesterol metabolism.
目的综述
几十年来，胆固醇代谢一直是深入研究的对象。本综述重点介绍了评估人类体内胆固醇代谢的经典和新方法。有两个因素在过去几年推动了胆固醇代谢的研究：重新关注作为抗动脉粥样硬化机制的胆固醇逆向转运 (RCT) 的研究，以及肠道微生物组对胆固醇代谢的影响的重要性。
最近的发现
这些方法的最新应用涵盖了从评估药物（如依折麦布、PCSK9 抑制剂和植物固醇）和肠道微生物组对胆固醇合成、吸收或排泄的影响，到更复杂的跨肠胆固醇排泄 (TICE) 和 RCT 的评估。
总结
这些方法仍然是回答新问题和研究体内胆固醇代谢复杂性的有价值的工具。
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