Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Health Sciences Center, University of North Texas, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
Addiction. 2018 Apr;113(4):647-655. doi: 10.1111/add.14113. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
We evaluated the effects of a community organizing intervention, Communities Mobilizing for Change on Alcohol (CMCA), on the propensity of retail alcohol outlets to sell alcohol to young buyers without age identification and on alcohol acquisition behaviors of underage youth.
Random assignment of community to treatment (n = 3) or control (n = 2). Student surveys were conducted four times per year for 3 years; the cohort was in 9th and 10th grades in the 2012-13 academic year. Alcohol purchase attempts were conducted every 4 weeks at alcohol retailers in each community (31 repeated waves).
The Cherokee Nation, located in northeastern Oklahoma, USA.
A total of 1399 high school students (50% male; 45% American Indian) and 113 stores licensed to sell alcohol across five study communities.
Local community organizers formed independent citizen action teams to advance policies, procedures and practices of local institutions in ways to reduce youth access to alcohol and foster community norms opposed to teen drinking.
Perceptions regarding police enforcement and perceived difficulty of and self-reported actual acquisition of alcohol from parents, adults, peers and stores.
Alcohol purchases by young-appearing buyers declined significantly, an 18 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 3, 33] percentage-point reduction over the intervention period. Student survey results show statistically significant differences in the trajectory of perceived police enforcement, increasing 7 (4, 10) percentage points, alcohol acquisition from parents, decreasing 4 (0.1, 8) percentage points, acquisition from 21+ adults, decreasing 6 (0.04, 11) percentage points, from < 21 peers decreasing 8 (3, 13) percentage points and acquisition from stores decreasing 5 (1, 9) percentage points.
A community organizing intervention, Communities Mobilizing for Change on Alcohol (CMCA), is effective in reducing the availability of alcohol to underage youth in the United states. Furthermore, results indicate that the previously reported significant effects of CMCA on teen drinking operate, at least in part, through effects on alcohol access.
我们评估了社区组织干预措施“社区推动改变酒精计划”（CMCA）对零售酒类销售商向无年龄识别的年轻买家销售酒类的倾向以及未成年青少年购买酒类行为的影响。
将社区随机分配到治疗组（n=3）或对照组（n=2）。学生调查每学年进行 4 次，共进行 3 年；该队列在 2012-13 学年处于 9 年级和 10 年级。在每个社区的酒类零售商处每 4 周进行一次酒精购买尝试（31 次重复波）。
美国俄克拉荷马州切罗基族，位于东北部。
共有 1399 名高中生（50%为男性；45%为美国印第安人）和 5 个研究社区中 113 家获得酒类销售许可的商店。
当地社区组织者组成独立的公民行动小组，以推进地方机构的政策、程序和做法，减少青少年获取酒精的机会，并培养反对青少年饮酒的社区规范。
对警察执法的看法以及感知到的获取酒精的难度和从父母、成年人、同伴和商店实际获取酒精的自我报告。
年轻买家购买酒精的行为显著下降，在干预期间减少了 18 个百分点（95%置信区间[CI]为 3，33）。学生调查结果显示，警察执法的轨迹存在统计学上的显著差异，增加了 7 个百分点（4，10），从父母那里获取酒精的比例减少了 4 个百分点（0.1，8），从 21 岁以上成年人那里获取酒精的比例减少了 6 个百分点（0.04，11），从<21 岁的同伴那里获取酒精的比例减少了 8 个百分点（3，13），从商店购买酒精的比例减少了 5 个百分点（1，9）。
社区组织干预措施“社区推动改变酒精计划”（CMCA）在美国有效减少了未成年青少年获取酒精的机会。此外，结果表明，CMCA 对青少年饮酒行为的先前报告的显著影响至少部分通过对酒精获取的影响来运作。
