Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia.
Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.
J Autoimmun. 2018 Mar;88:21-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.11.007. Epub 2017 Nov 26.
Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are emerging and reemerging diseases transmitted by ticks, which portray wide heterogeneity and global distribution. TBDs may present acute clinical pictures that resemble those of autoimmune diseases (i.e., musculoskeletal symptoms, cutaneous involvement, neurologic impairment, renal failure, etc.), and in some cases infection is considered a triggering factor for autoimmunity (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune thyroid disease, vasculitides). The clinician should consider TBDs among the differential diagnoses when approaching autoimmune-like signs in areas of tick infestation. Epidemiological setting (e.g., endemic areas, seasons) and an accurate diagnostic approach (i.e., clinical history, physical examination and laboratory tests) are necessary to confirm TBDs. Further, control and prevention of TBDs is warranted. Research in the fields of ticks microbiome and vaccination (i.e., wildlife and humans) are ahead to control vector transmission and bacterial infection. This review offers a comprehensive update on TBDs and their relationship with autoimmunity.
蜱传疾病（TBDs）是由蜱传播的新兴和再现疾病，具有广泛的异质性和全球分布。TBDs 可能表现出类似于自身免疫性疾病的急性临床症状（即肌肉骨骼症状、皮肤受累、神经损伤、肾衰竭等），在某些情况下，感染被认为是自身免疫的触发因素（例如类风湿性关节炎、自身免疫性甲状腺疾病、血管炎）。当在蜱类滋生地区出现类似自身免疫的症状时，临床医生应将 TBDs 作为鉴别诊断之一。流行病学背景（例如，流行地区、季节）和准确的诊断方法（即临床病史、体格检查和实验室检查）是确认 TBDs 的必要条件。此外，有必要控制和预防 TBDs。蜱类微生物组和疫苗接种领域（即野生动物和人类）的研究正在进行中，以控制媒介传播和细菌感染。本综述提供了 TBDs 及其与自身免疫性疾病关系的全面更新。
