Department of Neurophysiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Neuroinformatics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Neurophysiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018 Jan;84:100-115. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.11.015. Epub 2017 Nov 26.
Sensory maps are representations of the sensory epithelia in the brain. Despite the intuitive explanatory power behind sensory maps as being neuronal precursors to sensory perception, and sensory cortical plasticity as a neural correlate of perceptual learning, molecular mechanisms that regulate map plasticity are not well understood. Here we perform a meta-analysis of transcriptional and translational changes during altered whisker use to nominate the major molecular correlates of experience-dependent map plasticity in the barrel cortex. We argue that brain plasticity is a systems level response, involving all cell classes, from neuron and glia to non-neuronal cells including endothelia. Using molecular pathway analysis, we further propose a gene regulatory network that could couple activity dependent changes in neurons to adaptive changes in neurovasculature, and finally we show that transcriptional regulations observed in major brain disorders target genes that are modulated by altered sensory experience. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms of experience-dependent plasticity of sensory maps might help to unravel the cellular events that shape brain plasticity in health and disease.
感觉图谱是大脑中感觉上皮的表现。尽管感觉图谱作为感觉感知的神经元前体，以及感觉皮质可塑性作为感觉学习的神经相关物，具有直观的解释力，但调节图谱可塑性的分子机制还没有得到很好的理解。在这里，我们对改变胡须使用期间的转录和翻译变化进行了荟萃分析，以提名经验依赖性感觉图谱可塑性的主要分子相关性在桶状皮层中。我们认为，大脑可塑性是一种系统水平的反应，涉及所有细胞类型，包括神经元和神经胶质，以及非神经元细胞，包括内皮细胞。通过分子途径分析，我们进一步提出了一个基因调控网络，该网络可以将神经元中依赖于活动的变化与神经脉管系统中的适应性变化联系起来，最后我们表明，在主要脑部疾病中观察到的转录调控靶向受改变感觉经验调节的基因。因此，了解感觉图谱的经验依赖性可塑性的分子机制可能有助于揭示塑造健康和疾病中大脑可塑性的细胞事件。
