Parreira Ricardo Cambraia, Lacerda Leandro Heleno Guimarães, Vasconcellos Rebecca, Lima Swiany Silveira, Santos Anderson Kenedy, Fontana Vanessa, Sandrim Valéria Cristina, Resende Rodrigo Ribeiro
Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antôniol Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil.
Instituto Nanocell, Research Department, Rua Santo Antônio, 420, Divinópolis 35500-041, MG, Brazil.
Clin Sci (Lond). 2017 Nov 28;131(23):2813-2834. doi: 10.1042/CS20171398. Print 2017 Dec 1.
Resistant hypertension (RH) is a clinical condition in which the hypertensive patient has become resistant to drug therapy and is often associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Several signalling pathways have been studied and related to the development and progression of RH: modulation of sympathetic activity by leptin and aldosterone, primary aldosteronism, arterial stiffness, endothelial dysfunction and variations in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). miRNAs comprise a family of small non-coding RNAs that participate in the regulation of gene expression at post-transcriptional level. miRNAs are involved in the development of both cardiovascular damage and hypertension. Little is known of the molecular mechanisms that lead to development and progression of this condition. This review aims to cover the potential roles of miRNAs in the mechanisms associated with the development and consequences of RH, and explore the current state of the art of diagnostic and therapeutic tools based on miRNA approaches.
难治性高血压（RH）是一种临床病症，即高血压患者对药物治疗产生耐药性，且常伴有心血管发病率和死亡率增加。人们已经研究了几种信号通路，并将其与RH的发生和发展相关联：瘦素和醛固酮对交感神经活动的调节、原发性醛固酮增多症、动脉僵硬度、内皮功能障碍以及肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统（RAAS）的变化。微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小的非编码RNA，它们在转录后水平参与基因表达的调控。miRNA参与心血管损伤和高血压的发生发展。对于导致这种病症发生和发展的分子机制知之甚少。本综述旨在涵盖miRNA在与RH的发生及其后果相关的机制中的潜在作用，并探讨基于miRNA方法的诊断和治疗工具的当前技术水平。
