1 University of Toronto , Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .
2 Community-Based Research Centre for Gay Men's Health , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2018 Jan;32(1):24-30. doi: 10.1089/apc.2017.0153. Epub 2017 Nov 29.
With the emergence of daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use in Canada, questions have emerged concerning the impacts of this HIV prevention tool on gay men's social and sexual lives. We conducted small focus groups and individual qualitative interviews with 16 gay men in Toronto who were part of the 'first wave' of Canadian PrEP users. Participants were on PrEP for at least one year as part of a demonstration project (November 2014-June 2016). These participants accessed PrEP before regulatory approval by Health Canada in February 2016. The mean age of participants was 37.6 years (SD 11.02); 94% completed secondary education, and 69% were white. Sex-stigma emerged as a complex theme in men's accounts of PrEP use across three overlapping domains: (1) PrEP-related stigma, including discussions of concealment and stigma from friends, family, and sexual partners, (2) PrEP as a perceived tool for combating HIV-related stigma, where some men said that they no longer discussed HIV status with sexual partners, and (3) PrEP as illuminating structural stigma, where it was attributed to unmasking stigma related to sex and sexuality. For some participants, PrEP has allowed for liberating sex and a self-described return to normalcy-normal, exciting, pleasurable sex that was no longer reliant on condom use. Paradoxically, some men said that PrEP use both led them to experience stigmatizing reactions within their social and sexual networks, while also helping to remove stigma, shame, and fear related to HIV, sexuality, and sex with gay men living with HIV.
随着每日口服替诺福韦酯富马酸二吡呋酯和恩曲他滨的出现,加拿大基于暴露前预防(PrEP)的使用,人们对这种艾滋病毒预防工具对男同性恋者的社会和性生活产生了疑问。我们对多伦多的 16 名男同性恋者进行了小型焦点小组和个人定性访谈,他们是加拿大 PrEP 使用者的“第一波”。参与者在加拿大卫生部于 2016 年 2 月批准监管之前,至少使用 PrEP 一年。参与者在监管批准之前参与了演示项目(2014 年 11 月至 2016 年 6 月)。参与者的平均年龄为 37.6 岁(标准差 11.02);94%完成了中等教育,69%是白人。性污名是男同性恋者在使用 PrEP 时的一个复杂主题,体现在三个重叠的领域:(1)与 PrEP 相关的污名,包括对朋友、家人和性伴侣隐瞒和污名的讨论,(2)PrEP 被视为对抗与艾滋病毒相关的污名的工具,一些男性表示,他们不再与性伴侣讨论艾滋病毒状况,(3)PrEP 揭示了结构性污名,这归因于与性和性行为有关的污名的揭露。对一些参与者来说,PrEP 允许他们进行自由的性生活,他们自我描述为回归正常——正常、令人兴奋、愉悦的性生活,不再依赖于使用避孕套。矛盾的是,一些男性表示,PrEP 的使用既导致他们在社交和性网络中经历污名化反应,同时也有助于消除与艾滋病毒、性和与艾滋病毒感染者发生性关系有关的耻辱、羞耻和恐惧。
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