Wilkins Natalie, Myers Lindsey, Kuehl Tomei, Bauman Alice, Hertz Marci
Division of Analysis, Research, and Practice Integration, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Wilkins and Ms Hertz); Violence and Injury Prevention-Mental Health Promotion Branch, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment, Denver, Colorado (Mss Myers and Kuehl); and Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Baltimore, Maryland (Ms Bauman).
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2018 Jan/Feb;24 Suppl 1 Suppl, Injury and Violence Prevention(Suppl 1 INJURY AND VIOLENCE PREVENTION):S32-S41. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000669.
Violence takes many forms, including intimate partner violence, sexual violence, child abuse and neglect, bullying, suicidal behavior, and elder abuse and neglect. These forms of violence are interconnected and often share the same root causes. They can also co-occur together in families and communities and can happen at the same time or at different stages of life. Often, due to a variety of factors, separate, "siloed" approaches are used to address each form of violence. However, understanding and implementing approaches that prevent and address the overlapping root causes of violence (risk factors) and promote factors that increase the resilience of people and communities (protective factors) can help practitioners more effectively and efficiently use limited resources to prevent multiple forms of violence and save lives. This article presents approaches used by 2 state health departments, the Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene and the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, to integrate a shared risk and protective factor approach into their violence prevention work and identifies key lessons learned that may serve to inform crosscutting violence prevention efforts in other states.
暴力有多种形式,包括亲密伴侣暴力、性暴力、虐待和忽视儿童、欺凌、自杀行为以及虐待和忽视老年人。这些暴力形式相互关联,往往有着相同的根源。它们也可能在家庭和社区中同时发生,并且可能在生命的同一时期或不同阶段出现。通常,由于各种因素,针对每种暴力形式采用的是各自独立、“孤立”的方法。然而,理解并实施预防和解决暴力重叠根源(风险因素)的方法,以及促进增强个人和社区复原力的因素(保护因素),可以帮助从业者更有效且高效地利用有限资源来预防多种形式的暴力并挽救生命。本文介绍了两个州卫生部门,即马里兰州卫生与心理 Hygiene 部和科罗拉多州公共卫生与环境部,将共同风险和保护因素方法整合到其暴力预防工作中的做法,并确定了可能为其他州的跨领域暴力预防工作提供参考的关键经验教训。