Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Molecules. 2017 Nov 30;22(12):2108. doi: 10.3390/molecules22122108.
In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the use of pyrene-modified oligonucleotides as a platform for functional nucleic acid-based constructs. Pyrene is of special interest for the development of nucleic acid-based tools due to its unique fluorescent properties (sensitivity of fluorescence to the microenvironment, ability to form excimers and exciplexes, long fluorescence lifetime, high quantum yield), ability to intercalate into the nucleic acid duplex, to act as a π-π-stacking (including anchoring) moiety, and others. These properties of pyrene have been used to construct novel sensitive fluorescent probes for the sequence-specific detection of nucleic acids and the discrimination of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), aptamer-based biosensors, agents for binding of double-stranded DNAs, and building blocks for supramolecular complexes. Special attention is paid to the influence of the design of pyrene-modified oligonucleotides on their properties, i.e., the structure-function relationships. The perspectives for the applications of pyrene-modified oligonucleotides in biomolecular studies, diagnostics, and nanotechnology are discussed.
在这篇综述中，我们总结了近年来使用芘修饰的寡核苷酸作为功能核酸基构建体平台的最新进展。由于其独特的荧光性质（荧光对微环境的敏感性、形成激基缔合物和激基复合物的能力、长荧光寿命、高量子产率）、能够嵌入核酸双链、作为π-π堆积（包括锚固）部分的能力，以及其他性质，芘特别适合开发基于核酸的工具。这些芘的性质已被用于构建新型灵敏荧光探针，用于核酸的序列特异性检测和单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的区分、基于适配体的生物传感器、双链 DNA 结合剂以及超分子复合物的构建模块。特别关注了芘修饰的寡核苷酸的设计对其性质的影响，即结构-功能关系。讨论了芘修饰的寡核苷酸在生物分子研究、诊断和纳米技术中的应用前景。
