Faculty of Environmental Protection, Educons University, Vojvode Putnika 87, Sremska Kamenica, 21208, Serbia.
Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, IChTM, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
Environ Geochem Health. 2018 Aug;40(4):1247-1263. doi: 10.1007/s10653-017-0053-0. Epub 2017 Nov 30.
The main objective of this paper is to evaluate how a choice of different background values may affect assessing the anthropogenic heavy metal pollution in sediments from Tisza River (Serbia). The second objective of this paper is to underline significance of using geochemical background values when establishing quality criteria for sediment. Enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation index (I ), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) were calculated using different background values. Three geochemical (average metal concentrations in continental crust, average metal concentrations in shale, and average metal concentrations in non-contaminated core sediment samples) and two statistical methods (delineation method and principal component analyses) were used for calculating background values. It can be concluded that obtained information of pollution status can be more dependent on the use of background values than the index/factor chosen. The best option to assess the potential river sediment contamination is to compare obtained concentrations of analyzed elements with concentrations of mineralogically and texturally comparable, uncontaminated core sediment samples. Geochemical background values should be taken into account when establishing quality criteria for soils, sediments, and waters. Due to complexity of the local lithology, it is recommended that environmental monitoring and assessment include selection of an appropriate background values to gain understanding of the geochemistry and potential source of pollution in a given environment.
本文的主要目的是评估不同背景值的选择如何影响评估蒂萨河（塞尔维亚）沉积物中人为重金属污染。本文的第二个目的是强调在为沉积物制定质量标准时使用地球化学背景值的重要性。使用不同的背景值计算了富集因子（EF）、地质累积指数（I）、污染负荷指数（PLI）和潜在生态风险指数（PERI）。使用三种地球化学方法（大陆地壳中金属的平均浓度、页岩中金属的平均浓度和无污染岩芯沉积物样品中的金属平均浓度）和两种统计方法（划定方法和主成分分析）来计算背景值。可以得出结论，获得的污染状况信息可能更多地取决于背景值的使用，而不是所选择的指数/因子。评估潜在河流沉积物污染的最佳选择是将分析元素的获得浓度与矿物学和结构上可比的无污染岩芯沉积物样品中的浓度进行比较。在制定土壤、沉积物和水的质量标准时，应考虑地球化学背景值。由于当地岩性的复杂性，建议环境监测和评估包括选择适当的背景值，以了解特定环境中的地球化学和潜在污染源。
