Norman B C, Walker E D
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
J Med Entomol. 2018 Feb 28;55(2):342-350. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjx209.
Ration of food per capita of larval population is widely thought to limit mosquito production from container habitats, directly reflecting resource limitation. In this study, the importance of density-dependent resource limitation on larval Aedes triseriatus (Say) (Diptera: Culicidae) depended on the degree of microbial conditioning of senescent leaf detritus in surrogate tree holes. Density and ration strongly affected emergence, total female mass, and mean female mass of populations grown on leaves that had conditioned for 3 d, but had less impact when larval populations were grown on leaves that had conditioned for 1 mo. Ration per capita was a stronger predictor (50-94% of the variance) of all growth parameters measured for populations grown on leaves conditioned for 3 d compared with 1 mo (2-66% of variance), with the exception of development time. Larvae grew faster and to a larger body size on leaves conditioned for 3 d at low densities of larvae and a higher ration per capita. However, populations grown on leaves conditioned for 1 mo produced equal or more total mass and individuals of higher average mass than when grown on leaves conditioned for 3 d in treatments with low ration per capita. Well-conditioned detritus, representing the degree of microbial colonization of the organic material, must reflect the typical condition in tree holes with unconditioned leaves atypical. Therefore, results of this study suggest that experiments using well-conditioned leaves better estimate growth responses, including moderated density dependence and less importance of ration per capita, than experiments using unconditioned detritus.
普遍认为,幼虫群体的人均食物量限制了容器栖息地中蚊子的繁殖,这直接反映了资源限制。在本研究中,密度依赖性资源限制对三带喙库蚊(Say)幼虫(双翅目:蚊科)的重要性取决于替代树洞中衰老叶片碎屑的微生物调节程度。密度和食物量对在已调节3天的叶片上生长的群体的羽化、雌蚊总质量和平均雌蚊质量有强烈影响,但当幼虫群体在已调节1个月的叶片上生长时,影响较小。与在已调节1个月的叶片上生长的群体(方差为2 - 66%)相比,人均食物量是在已调节3天的叶片上生长的群体所有测量生长参数的更强预测因子(方差的50 - 94%),发育时间除外。在低密度幼虫和较高人均食物量条件下,幼虫在已调节3天的叶片上生长得更快且体型更大。然而,在人均食物量较低的处理中,在已调节1个月的叶片上生长的群体产生的总质量相等或更多,且个体平均质量更高,而不是在已调节3天的叶片上生长。良好调节的碎屑代表有机物质的微生物定殖程度,必须反映未调节叶片的树洞中的典型情况。因此,本研究结果表明,与使用未调节碎屑的实验相比,使用良好调节叶片的实验能更好地估计生长反应,包括适度的密度依赖性和人均食物量重要性的降低。