Suh Sung-Suk, Kim Sun-Mi, Kim Jung Eun, Hong Ju-Mi, Lee Sung Gu, Youn Ui Joung, Han Se Jong, Kim Il-Chan, Kim Sanghee
Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwan, 16419, Republic of Korea.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 Dec 1;17(1):509. doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-1991-x.
Cancer is a leading cause of human death around the world and occurs through the highly complex coordination of multiple cellular pathways. Recent studies have revealed that microalgal extracts exhibit considerable pharmaceutical activities, including those against various cancer cells. Thus, microalgae are promising candidates as novel cancer therapeutic drugs. In this study, we evaluated the biological functions of the ethanolic extract of the Antarctic freshwater microalga, Bo tryidiopsidaceae sp., such as its antioxidant, anti-proliferative, apoptotic and anti-invasive properties.
To estimate antioxidant capacity of ethanol extract of Bo tryidiopsidaceae sp. (ETBO), free radical 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays were used. The anti-proliferative activity of ETBO was assessed in several cancer cell lines (A375, Hs578T and HeLa) and non-tumorigenic keratinocyte cells (HaCaT), using MTT assay. In addition, Annexin V binding was performed to detect ETBO-induced apoptotic cells, and the expression levels of apoptosis-regulating proteins, caspase-3, p53, and Bcl-2, were determined by western blot. Boyden chamber assays were used to determine anti-migratory and anti-invasive properties of ETBO.
ETBO exhibited antioxidant activity and concentration-dependent anticancer activities, such as anti-proliferation and pro-apoptotic activities against cancer cells. Furthermore, the expression of the apoptosis-inducing proteins, p53 and caspase-3, significantly increased in response to ETBO, whereas the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, decreased. These data imply that ETBO induces apoptosis by caspase activation through the modulation of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic gene, p53 and Bcl-2, respectively. In addition, ETBO significantly inhibited migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner.
In this study, ETBO exhibited considerable anticancer activities, such as inhibition of proliferation, invasion, and migration, as well as induction of apoptosis. These data suggest that ETBO is a promising therapeutic agent in cancer therapy and drug discovery.
癌症是全球人类死亡的主要原因之一，其发生涉及多个细胞通路的高度复杂协调。最近的研究表明，微藻提取物具有相当大的药用活性，包括对各种癌细胞的活性。因此，微藻有望成为新型癌症治疗药物。在本研究中，我们评估了南极淡水微藻波氏藻科物种乙醇提取物的生物学功能，如抗氧化、抗增殖、凋亡和抗侵袭特性。
为了评估波氏藻科物种乙醇提取物（ETBO）的抗氧化能力，使用了自由基2,2'-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）和1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼（DPPH）测定法。使用MTT测定法评估ETBO在几种癌细胞系（A375、Hs578T和HeLa）和非致瘤性角质形成细胞（HaCaT）中的抗增殖活性。此外，进行膜联蛋白V结合检测ETBO诱导的凋亡细胞，并通过蛋白质印迹法测定凋亡调节蛋白caspase-3、p53和Bcl-2的表达水平。使用Boyden小室测定法确定ETBO的抗迁移和抗侵袭特性。
ETBO表现出抗氧化活性以及浓度依赖性抗癌活性，如对癌细胞的抗增殖和促凋亡活性。此外，凋亡诱导蛋白p53和caspase-3的表达在ETBO作用下显著增加，而抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-·2的表达降低。这些数据表明，ETBO分别通过调节促凋亡基因p53和抗凋亡基因Bcl-2，激活caspase诱导凋亡。此外，ETBO以浓度依赖性方式显著抑制宫颈癌细胞的迁移和侵袭。
在本研究中，ETBO表现出相当大的抗癌活性，如抑制增殖、侵袭和迁移以及诱导凋亡。这些数据表明ETBO在癌症治疗和药物发现中是一种有前景的治疗剂。
