Miguel-Berges María L, Zachari Konstantina, Santaliestra-Pasias Alba M, Mouratidou Theodora, Androutsos Odysseas, Iotova Violeta, Galcheva Sonya, De Craemer Marieke, Cardon Greet, Koletzko Berthold, Kulaga Zbigniew, Manios Yannis, Moreno Luis A
1Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group,University of Zaragoza,C/Pedro Cerbuna 12,50009 Zaragoza,Spain.
5Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,School of Health Science and Education,17671 Harokopio University,Athens,Greece.
Br J Nutr. 2017 Dec;118(12):1089-1096. doi: 10.1017/S0007114517003129. Epub 2017 Dec 4.
Energy balance-related behaviours (EBRB) are established in childhood and seem to persist through to adulthood. A lower parental educational level was associated with unhealthy behavioural patterns. The aim of the study is to identify clusters of EBRB and examine their association with preschool children's BMI and maternal, paternal and parental education. A subsample of the ToyBox study (n 5387) conducted in six European countries was used. Six behavioural clusters ('healthy diet and low activity', 'active', 'healthy lifestyle', 'high water and screen time; low fruits and vegetables (F&V) and physical activity (PA)', 'unhealthy lifestyle' and 'high F&V consumers') emerged. The healthiest group characterised by high water and F&V consumption and high PA z scores ('healthy lifestyle') was more prevalent among preschool children with at least one medium- or higher-educated parent and showed markedly healthier trends for all the included EBRB. In the opposite, the 'unhealthy lifestyle' cluster (characterised by high soft drinks and screen time z scores, and low water, F&V and PA z scores) was more prevalent among children with lower parental, paternal and maternal education levels. OR identified that children with lower maternal, paternal and parental education levels were less likely to be allocated in the 'healthy lifestyle' cluster and more likely to be allocated in the 'unhealthy lifestyle' cluster. The 'unhealthy lifestyle' cluster was more prevalent among children with parents in lower parental educational levels and children who were obese. Therefore, parental educational level is one of the key factors that should be considered when developing childhood obesity prevention interventions.
与能量平衡相关的行为（EBRB）在儿童期就已形成，并且似乎会持续到成年期。较低的父母教育水平与不健康的行为模式相关。本研究的目的是识别EBRB的聚类，并研究它们与学龄前儿童BMI以及母亲、父亲和父母教育程度之间的关联。使用了在六个欧洲国家进行的ToyBox研究的一个子样本（n = 5387）。出现了六个行为聚类（“健康饮食与低活动量”、“活跃”、“健康生活方式”、“高饮水和屏幕时间；低水果和蔬菜（F&V）及身体活动（PA）”、“不健康生活方式”和“高F&V消费者”）。以高饮水和F&V摄入量以及高PA z分数为特征的最健康组（“健康生活方式”）在至少有一位中等或以上教育程度父母的学龄前儿童中更为普遍，并且在所有纳入的EBRB方面都呈现出明显更健康的趋势。相反，“不健康生活方式”聚类（以高软饮料和屏幕时间z分数以及低饮水、F&V和PA z分数为特征）在父母、父亲和母亲教育水平较低的儿童中更为普遍。OR分析表明，母亲、父亲和父母教育水平较低的儿童被分配到“健康生活方式”聚类的可能性较小，而被分配到“不健康生活方式”聚类的可能性较大。“不健康生活方式”聚类在父母教育水平较低的儿童和肥胖儿童中更为普遍。因此，父母教育水平是制定儿童肥胖预防干预措施时应考虑的关键因素之一。
