Molecular Medicine, Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, No 10, Firoozeh St, Vali-asrSq, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2018 Jun;185(2):524-540. doi: 10.1007/s12010-017-2657-3. Epub 2017 Dec 4.
AKT (AK mouse plus Transforming or Thymoma) is a frequent oncogene expressed in most tissues which includes three isoforms AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3. Hyperactivation of AKT signaling is a central key in many human cancer progressions, through modulating angiogenesis, tumor growth, and cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Among all three isoforms, AKT2 is most related to cancer cell invasion, metastasis, and survival. Amplification and overexpression of AKT2 have been shown in many cancers. Accumulating evidence shows the potential role of different miRNA involvements in cancer progression by activating or suppressing AKT2 expression. In an in-depth literature review, we focus on the role of AKT2 activation and its consequences on the tumor progression in different cancers. In addition, we describe the function of numerous AKT2-related miRNAs which are important in various cancers as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic markers.
AKT（AK 鼠加上转化或胸腺瘤）是一种在大多数组织中表达的常见致癌基因，包括三个亚型 AKT1、AKT2 和 AKT3。AKT 信号的过度激活是许多人类癌症进展的核心关键，通过调节血管生成、肿瘤生长以及细胞迁移、侵袭、转移和化疗耐药性。在这三个亚型中，AKT2 与癌细胞的侵袭、转移和存活最相关。AKT2 的扩增和过表达已在许多癌症中显示出来。越来越多的证据表明，不同 miRNA 通过激活或抑制 AKT2 表达在癌症进展中的潜在作用。在深入的文献综述中，我们重点关注 AKT2 激活及其对不同癌症中肿瘤进展的影响。此外，我们描述了许多与 AKT2 相关的 miRNA 的功能，这些 miRNA 在各种癌症中作为诊断、预后和治疗标志物非常重要。
