Reis Cesar, Wilkinson Michael, Reis Haley, Akyol Onat, Gospodarev Vadim, Araujo Camila, Chen Sheng, Zhang John H
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11041 Campus Street, Risley Hall, Room 219, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:3267352. doi: 10.1155/2017/3267352. Epub 2017 Oct 22.
Neural stem cells (NSCs) offer a potential therapeutic benefit in the recovery from ischemic stroke. Understanding the role of endogenous neural stem and progenitor cells under normal physiological conditions aids in analyzing their effects after ischemic injury, including their impact on functional recovery and neurogenesis at the site of injury. Recent animal studies have utilized unique subsets of exogenous and endogenous stem cells as well as preconditioning with pharmacologic agents to better understand the best situation for stem cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. These stem cell therapies provide a promising effect on stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory effects, and improved cell survival rates. Clinical trials performed using various stem cell types show promising results to their safety and effectiveness on reducing the effects of ischemic stroke in humans. Another important aspect of stem cell therapy discussed in this review is tracking endogenous and exogenous NSCs with magnetic resonance imaging. This review explores the pathophysiology of NSCs on ischemic stroke, stem cell therapy studies and their effects on neurogenesis, the most recent clinical trials, and techniques to track and monitor the progress of endogenous and exogenous stem cells.
神经干细胞（NSCs）在缺血性中风恢复过程中具有潜在的治疗益处。了解内源性神经干细胞和祖细胞在正常生理条件下的作用有助于分析其在缺血性损伤后的影响，包括它们对损伤部位功能恢复和神经发生的影响。最近的动物研究利用了外源性和内源性干细胞的独特亚群以及药物预处理，以更好地了解干细胞增殖、迁移和分化的最佳条件。这些干细胞疗法对内源性神经发生的刺激、神经保护、抗炎作用以及提高细胞存活率具有显著效果。使用各种干细胞类型进行的临床试验显示出其在降低人类缺血性中风影响方面的安全性和有效性的良好前景。本综述讨论的干细胞治疗的另一个重要方面是利用磁共振成像追踪内源性和外源性神经干细胞。本综述探讨了神经干细胞在缺血性中风中的病理生理学、干细胞治疗研究及其对神经发生的影响、最新的临床试验，以及追踪和监测内源性和外源性干细胞进展的技术。
