Sreng Bun, Sophal Chhith, Srun Sok, Samnang Chham, Huot Eng
Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Department of Mental Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol. 2016 Jan-Jun;6(1):45-48. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1165. Epub 2016 Jul 9.
The prevalence of viral hepatitis represents Cambodia as 1 of the highest endemic countries in the world. But the prevalence of viral hepatitis B among 5-year-olds is on a decreasing trend due to the effect of nationwide vaccination against hepatitis B. There are key interventions to address viral hepatitis by the Cambodian Ministry of Health. There are so far no comprehensive national guidelines for the prevention, care, and treatment of viral hepatitis. In 2014, the coverage of hepatitis B vaccine at birth and HepB3 vaccine was very high, at 87 and 97% respectively. Other interventions include the screening of viral hepatitis B and C among blood donors; the enhancement of infection prevention and control at health facilities; the program for People Who Use Drugs (PWUDs) and People Who Inject Drugs (PWIDs); control and prevention of HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs); and improved sanitation, clean water, and food safety. The diagnosis of viral hepatitis B and C could be made only at the national and provincial referral hospitals and there are no specific antiviral therapies for people who are infected with hepatitis B and C.
Sreng B, Sophal C, Srun S, Samnang C, Huot E. Viral Hepatitis in Cambodia: Past, Present, and Future. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2016;6(1):45-48.
病毒性肝炎的流行情况表明柬埔寨是世界上地方性流行率最高的国家之一。但由于全国性乙肝疫苗接种的影响，5岁儿童中的乙肝流行率呈下降趋势。柬埔寨卫生部有应对病毒性肝炎的关键干预措施。到目前为止，尚无关于病毒性肝炎预防、护理和治疗的全面国家指南。2014年，乙肝疫苗出生接种率和第三剂乙肝疫苗接种率非常高，分别为87%和97%。其他干预措施包括对献血者进行乙肝和丙肝筛查；加强医疗机构的感染预防和控制；针对吸毒者和注射吸毒者的项目；控制和预防艾滋病毒/艾滋病及性传播疾病；以及改善卫生设施、清洁用水和食品安全。乙肝和丙肝的诊断只能在国家和省级转诊医院进行，而且对于乙肝和丙肝感染者没有特定的抗病毒治疗方法。
Sreng B, Sophal C, Srun S, Samnang C, Huot E. 柬埔寨的病毒性肝炎：过去、现在和未来。《欧亚肝脏胃肠病学杂志》2016年；6(1):45 - 48。
