Wang Duanyu, Sou Syphanna, Rith Sophearin, Touch Socheat, Tan Minghao, Virak Vicheth, Du Kunpeng, Sik Bunna, Nov Pengkhun
Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China.
Department of Radiation Oncology and Oncology, LuangMe Hospital of University of Health Sciences, Phnom Penh, 120110, Cambodia.
BMC Gastroenterol. 2025 Jul 1;25(1):474. doi: 10.1186/s12876-025-04077-6.
The etiological composition and disease burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Cambodia show significant dynamic changes, and targeted prevention and control strategies are urgently needed.
First, this study obtained data on HCC by age, sex, etiology, incidence, prevalence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and attributable risk from the 2021 GBD study focused on Cambodia data from 1990 to 2021. Secondly, the study also examined the temporal trend of subtype-specific HCC disease burden in Cambodia from 1990 to 2021 using linear regression modeling to calculate estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) values. Finally, risk factors for HCC of different etiologies were also analyzed.
Although the age-standardized rate (ASR) of HBV, HCV and NAFLD-related HCC showed a downward trend, the total number of cases and the number of deaths continued to increase. The ASR of HCC related to alcoholic liver disease rose against the trend. The burden of HBV and HCC related to alcoholic liver disease is significantly heavier in men, while the burden of HCC related to HCV and NAFLD is more severe in women. Viral hepatitis (HBV/HCV) remains the main cause of liver cancer in Cambodia, but the contribution of metabolic causes (NAFLD) continues to rise.
HCC poses a significant threat to the health of Cambodians. This study provides key data support for Cambodia to formulate a comprehensive prevention and control strategy for HCC that is "virus control - metabolic intervention - gender stratification".
柬埔寨肝细胞癌（HCC）的病因构成和疾病负担呈现出显著的动态变化，迫切需要针对性的预防和控制策略。
首先，本研究通过2021年全球疾病负担（GBD）研究获取了柬埔寨1990年至2021年期间按年龄、性别、病因、发病率、患病率、死亡人数、伤残调整生命年（DALYs）以及归因风险划分的HCC数据。其次，该研究还利用线性回归模型计算估计年度百分比变化（EAPC）值，考察了1990年至2021年柬埔寨特定亚型HCC疾病负担的时间趋势。最后，还分析了不同病因HCC的危险因素。
尽管乙肝病毒（HBV）、丙肝病毒（HCV）和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）相关HCC的年龄标准化率呈下降趋势，但病例总数和死亡人数持续增加。酒精性肝病相关HCC的年龄标准化率呈逆势上升。男性中HBV和酒精性肝病相关HCC的负担显著更重，而女性中HCV和NAFLD相关HCC的负担更为严重。病毒性肝炎（HBV/HCV）仍然是柬埔寨肝癌的主要病因，但代谢性病因（NAFLD）的贡献持续上升。
HCC对柬埔寨人的健康构成重大威胁。本研究为柬埔寨制定“病毒控制 - 代谢干预 - 性别分层”的HCC综合防控策略提供了关键数据支持。
