Department of Statistics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA.
Bioinformatics Scientist, Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Eur J Hum Genet. 2018 Feb;26(2):265-274. doi: 10.1038/s41431-017-0041-y. Epub 2017 Dec 4.
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified and validated 200 risk loci for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to date, including risk loci for both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Previously studies mainly used single SNP testing methods and only reported the most significant association within each locus. Advanced methods are needed to detect additional joint effects of multiple SNPs and fine map causal variants in presence of strong linkage disequilibrium. In this study, we applied a powerful Bayesian method to analyze an existing Immunochip data sets for IBD from the international inflammatory bowel disease genetics consortium. The method jointly tested single and set-based SNPs in a unified framework and filtered indirect associations due to linkage disequilibrium, thereby fine-mapping the most likely IBD variants. Using an independent collection of individuals from 11 IBD GWAS as validation, our approach discovered and validated 9 completely new IBD loci and 5 independent signals (excluding the major histocompatibility complex) near known IBD loci reaching genome-wide significance. Several of the replicated new loci implicated functionally more interpretable genes than previous reports. The epigenetic marks at our detected IBD signals demonstrated significant activation signatures in blood cell types and correspondingly substantial repression in stem cells, suggesting regulatory links between genetic variants and IBD. Our analysis of the currently largest IBD datasets therefore added new insights that will be integral to the ongoing efforts in IBD genetics.
全基因组关联研究(GWAS)迄今为止已经确定和验证了 200 个炎症性肠病(IBD)风险位点,包括克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎的风险位点。以前的研究主要使用单 SNP 检测方法,并且只报告了每个位点中最显著的关联。需要先进的方法来检测多个 SNP 的额外联合效应,并在存在强连锁不平衡的情况下精细映射因果变异。在这项研究中,我们应用了一种强大的贝叶斯方法来分析来自国际炎症性肠病遗传学联合会的现有免疫芯片 IBD 数据。该方法在统一框架中联合测试单 SNP 和基于集的 SNP,并过滤由于连锁不平衡导致的间接关联,从而精细映射最有可能的 IBD 变体。使用来自 11 个 IBD GWAS 的独立个体集合进行验证,我们的方法发现并验证了 9 个完全新的 IBD 位点和 5 个在已知 IBD 位点附近的独立信号(不包括主要组织相容性复合体),达到全基因组显著水平。复制的新位点中的几个涉及到比以前报道更具功能可解释性的基因。我们在检测到的 IBD 信号处的表观遗传标记在血细胞类型中表现出显著的激活特征,并且在干细胞中相应地有实质性的抑制,这表明遗传变异与 IBD 之间存在调控联系。因此,我们对当前最大的 IBD 数据集的分析增加了新的见解,这些见解将是 IBD 遗传学研究不可或缺的一部分。
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