Bonini Milena Vaz, Mansur Letícia Lessa
Monografia de conclusão do Curso de Fonoaudiologia da FMUSP.
Professora Associada do Curso de Fonoaudiologia da FMUSP, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
Dement Neuropsychol. 2009 Apr-Jun;3(2):118-123. doi: 10.1590/S1980-57642009DN30200009.
In the normal aging processes, complaints of memory loss and auditory comprehension are not uncommon, principally in complex and cognitively demanding situations.
The objective of this study was to investigate skills of discourse comprehension and retention in a natural situation, by healthy aged in relation to variables such as age, schooling and cognitive screening measurement.
Thirty healthy elderly participated in the study (mean age=73.56 yrs; SD=6.26 and mean schooling=8.6 yrs; SD=4.41). Twelve news items were recorded and presented in three sequences of four news-groups. Participants were instructed to listen to the four news items, and upon completion were questioned about one of them.
We found no age or schooling effect on the performance of the subjects. The participants achieved almost full scores on all answers (ceiling effect).
The heterogeneity of elderly and cognitive compensation in natural situations could explain these results of elderly behavior.
在正常衰老过程中，记忆丧失和听觉理解方面的主诉并不罕见，主要出现在复杂且对认知有较高要求的情况下。
本研究的目的是通过健康老年人在自然情境下，研究话语理解和记忆能力与年龄、受教育程度和认知筛查测量等变量之间的关系。
30名健康老年人参与了本研究（平均年龄 = 73.56岁；标准差 = 6.26，平均受教育年限 = 8.6年；标准差 = 4.41）记录了12条新闻，并以三个序列呈现，每个序列包含四个新闻组。参与者被要求收听这四个新闻项目，并在听完后就其中一个项目接受提问。
我们发现年龄和受教育程度对受试者的表现没有影响。参与者在所有答案上几乎都获得了满分（天花板效应）。
老年人的异质性和自然情境下的认知补偿可以解释这些老年人行为的结果。
