Ramalho Joana, Castillo Mauricio
Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, US.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, US.
Dement Neuropsychol. 2015 Oct-Dec;9(4):356-368. doi: 10.1590/1980-57642015DN94000356.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a significant public health problem in modern societies. It is primarily a consequence of traffic-related accidents and falls. Other recently recognized causes include sports injuries and indirect forces such as shock waves from battlefield explosions. TBI is an important cause of death and lifelong disability and represents the most well-established environmental risk factor for dementia. With the growing recognition that even mild head injury can lead to neurocognitive deficits, imaging of brain injury has assumed greater importance. However, there is no single imaging modality capable of characterizing TBI. Current advances, particularly in MR imaging, enable visualization and quantification of structural and functional brain changes not hitherto possible. In this review, we summarize data linking TBI with dementia, emphasizing the imaging techniques currently available in clinical practice along with some advances in medical knowledge.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是现代社会中一个重大的公共卫生问题。它主要是交通事故和跌倒的后果。其他最近认识到的原因包括运动损伤和间接作用力，如战场爆炸产生的冲击波。TBI是死亡和终身残疾的重要原因，也是痴呆症最公认的环境风险因素。随着人们越来越认识到即使是轻度头部损伤也会导致神经认知缺陷，脑损伤的影像学检查变得更加重要。然而，没有一种单一的成像方式能够全面描述TBI。当前的进展，尤其是在磁共振成像方面，使得可视化和量化以前无法实现的脑结构和功能变化成为可能。在这篇综述中，我们总结了将TBI与痴呆症联系起来的数据，强调了目前临床实践中可用的成像技术以及医学知识的一些进展。
