Wang Yanpei, Xu Qinfang, Li Shuting, Li Gen, Zuo Chenyi, Liao Shuirong, Long Yang, Li Shan, Joshi R Malatesha
State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; School of Languages, Nanjing Normal University of Special Education, Nanjing, China.
Neurosci Lett. 2018 Feb 5;665:176-181. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.12.006. Epub 2017 Dec 5.
Although studies showed subtle reductions in brain volume in fronto-striatial regions in children with ADHD, there have been limited investigations of volume and lateralizaton in subcortical structures and a paucity of exploration of the influence of gender on these findings. This study aims to examine morphology of subcortical structures and their association with ADHD symptoms in boys and girls as compared to their typically-developing (TD) peers. One hundred and eighty five children aged 7-14 years with and without ADHD were included from ADHD-200 Consortium. Results showed that compared to TD boys, boys with ADHD had reduced accumbens, amygdala and hippocampus volumes. There were no volumetric differences in any structure between ADHD and TD girls. Asymmetry analysis revealed right lateralization compressions within the thalamus in ADHD boys relative to TD boys. The findings suggest a gender dimorphic pattern of differences in subcortical structures in children with ADHD, and a possible neurobiological mechanism where boys with ADHD demonstrate increasing difficulties with hyperactivity/impulsivity.
尽管研究表明患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童额叶 - 纹状体区域脑容量有细微减少，但对皮质下结构的体积和侧化的研究有限，且很少探讨性别对这些结果的影响。本研究旨在检查与发育正常（TD）的同龄人相比，男孩和女孩皮质下结构的形态及其与ADHD症状的关联。从ADHD - 200联盟纳入了185名7 - 14岁患有和未患有ADHD的儿童。结果显示，与TD男孩相比，患有ADHD的男孩伏隔核、杏仁核和海马体体积减小。ADHD女孩和TD女孩在任何结构上均无体积差异。不对称性分析显示，与TD男孩相比，ADHD男孩丘脑内右侧侧化压缩。研究结果表明，ADHD儿童皮质下结构存在性别二态性差异模式，以及一种可能的神经生物学机制，即患有ADHD的男孩在多动/冲动方面表现出越来越大的困难。
