Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1043:217-225. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-70178-3_11.
Randomized trials suggest that menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) prevents type 2 diabetes. Still, the mechanisms of these antidiabetic effects are a matter of controversy. This chapter provides an analysis of epidemiological and clinical evidence and proposes a mechanism for the effect of menopause and MHT on type 2 diabetes development and prevention. It discusses the beneficial role of estradiol on glucose homeostasis that is lost at menopause and improved by MHT, which delays type 2 diabetes. This chapter aims to reconcile differences among studies of the effect of menopause and MHT formulations on type 2 diabetes and argues that discrepancies arise from physiological differences in methods used to assess glucose homeostasis.
随机试验表明，绝经激素治疗（MHT）可预防 2 型糖尿病。然而，这些抗糖尿病作用的机制仍存在争议。本章提供了对流行病学和临床证据的分析，并提出了绝经和 MHT 对 2 型糖尿病发展和预防影响的作用机制。它讨论了雌二醇对葡萄糖稳态的有益作用，这种作用在绝经时丧失，而 MHT 可改善这种作用，从而延迟 2 型糖尿病的发生。本章旨在调和绝经和 MHT 制剂对 2 型糖尿病影响的研究之间的差异，并认为差异源于评估葡萄糖稳态的方法的生理学差异。
