Division of Birds, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 1000 Constitution Ave NW, Washington, DC 20004, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2018 Mar;120:43-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.11.023. Epub 2017 Dec 7.
Resolving relationships among members of the yellow and citrine wagtail species complexes is among the greatest challenges in avian systematics due to arguably the most dramatic disagreements between traditional taxonomy and mtDNA phylogeny. Each species complex is divided into three geographically cohesive mtDNA clades. Each clade from one species complex has a sister from the other complex. Furthermore, one cross-complex pair is more distantly related to the remaining two pairs than are several other wagtail species. To test mtDNA gene tree topology, we sequenced the mtDNA ND2 gene and 11 nuclear introns for seven wagtail species. Our mtDNA gene tree reconstruction supported the results of previous studies, thereby confirming the disagreement between mtDNA phylogeny and taxonomy. However, our multi-locus species tree which used mtDNA clades as "taxa" was consistent with traditional taxonomy regardless of whether mtDNA was included in the analysis or not. Our multi-locus data suggest that despite the presence of strongly supported, geographically structured mtDNA variation, the mtDNA gene tree misrepresents the evolutionary history of the yellow and citrine wagtail complexes. This mito-nuclear discord results from mtDNA representing the biogeographic, but not evolutionary history of these recently radiated Palearctic wagtails.
解决黄鹡鸰和金翅雀鹎物种复合体成员之间的关系是鸟类系统学中最大的挑战之一，因为传统分类学和 mtDNA 系统发育之间存在着最显著的分歧。每个物种复合体都分为三个地理上紧密相连的 mtDNA 分支。一个物种复合体的每个分支都与另一个复合体的分支有姐妹关系。此外，一对跨复合体的分支与其他几个鹡鸰物种相比，与其余两对分支的关系更为疏远。为了测试 mtDNA 基因树拓扑结构，我们对七种鹡鸰物种的 mtDNA ND2 基因和 11 个核内内含子进行了测序。我们的 mtDNA 基因树重建结果支持了先前研究的结果，从而证实了 mtDNA 系统发育与分类学之间的分歧。然而，无论是否包括 mtDNA，我们使用 mtDNA 分支作为“分类单元”的多基因种系树与传统分类学是一致的。我们的多基因数据表明，尽管存在强烈支持的、地理结构的 mtDNA 变异，但 mtDNA 基因树错误地代表了黄鹡鸰和金翅雀鹎复合体的进化历史。这种线粒体与核的不和谐是由于 mtDNA 代表了这些新近辐射的古北界鹡鸰的生物地理历史，而不是它们的进化历史。
