Yin Pengbin, Lv Houchen, Li Yi, Deng Yuan, Zhang Licheng, Tang Peifu
Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017 Nov 27;8:336. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00336. eCollection 2017.
The skeletal system functions and maintains itself based on communication between cells of diverse origins, especially between osteoblasts (OBs) and osteoclasts (OCs), accounting for bone formation and resorption, respectively. Previously, protein-level information exchange has been the research focus, and this has been discussed in detail. The regulative effects of microRNAs (miRNAs) on OB and OC ignite the question as to whether genetic information could be transferred between bone cells. Exosomes, extracellular membrane vesicles 30-100 nm in diameter, have recently been demonstrated to transfer functional proteins, mRNAs, and miRNAs, and serve as mediators of intercellular communication. By reviewing the distinguishing features of exosomes, a hypothesis was formulated and evaluated in this article that exosome-mediated genetic information transfer may represent a novel strategy for OB-OC communication. The exosomes may coordinately regulate these two cells under certain physiological conditions by transferring genetic information. Further research in exosome-shuttered miRNAs in OB-OC communication may add a missing piece to the bone cells communication "puzzle."
骨骼系统基于不同来源细胞之间的通讯发挥功能并维持自身，尤其是成骨细胞（OBs）和破骨细胞（OCs）之间的通讯，它们分别负责骨形成和骨吸收。此前，蛋白质水平的信息交流一直是研究重点，并且已经进行了详细讨论。微小RNA（miRNAs）对成骨细胞和破骨细胞的调节作用引发了一个问题，即遗传信息是否可以在骨细胞之间传递。外泌体是直径为30 - 100纳米的细胞外膜泡，最近已被证明可转移功能性蛋白质、mRNA和miRNAs，并作为细胞间通讯的介质。通过回顾外泌体的显著特征，本文提出并评估了一个假说，即外泌体介导的遗传信息传递可能代表成骨细胞 - 破骨细胞通讯的一种新策略。外泌体可能在某些生理条件下通过传递遗传信息来协调调节这两种细胞。对外泌体携带的miRNAs在成骨细胞 - 破骨细胞通讯中的进一步研究可能会为骨细胞通讯“谜题”补上缺失的一块。
