Nair Divek V T, Kollanoor Johny Anup
Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2017 Nov 28;8:2328. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02328. eCollection 2017.
attached to the poultry skin is a major source of carcass contamination during processing. Once attached to the poultry skin, it is difficult to detach and inactivate by commonly used antimicrobial agents since the pathogen is entrapped deeply in the feather follicles and the crevices on the skin. Essential oils could be natural, safe, and effective alternatives to synthetic antimicrobial agents during commercial and organic processing setup. The present study evaluated the efficacy of pimenta ( Lindl.) leaf essential oil (PEO), and its nanoemulsion in reducing Heidelberg attachment on to turkey () skin during simulated scalding (65°C) and chilling (4°C) steps in poultry processing. A multidrug resistant Heidelberg isolate from the 2011 ground turkey outbreak in the United States was used in the study. Results showed that PEO and the nanoemulsion resulted in significant reduction of Heidelberg attachment on turkey skin. Turkey skin samples treated with 1.0% PEO for 5 min resulted in >2 log CFU/sq. inch reduction of Heidelberg at 65 and 4°C, respectively ( = 6; < 0.05). Similarly, skin samples treated with 1.0% pimenta nanoemulsion (PNE) for 5 min resulted in 1.5- and 1.8- log CFU/sq. inch reduction of Heidelberg at 65 and 4°C, respectively ( = 6; < 0.05). In addition, PEO and PNE were effective in reducing Heidelberg on skin during short-term storage at 4 and 10°C (temperature abuse) ( = 6; < 0.05). No was detected in the dipping solution containing 0.5 or 1.0% PEO or PNE, whereas a substantial population of the pathogen survived in the control dipping solution. The results were validated using scanning electron -, and confocal - microscopy techniques. PEO or PNE could be utilized as an effective antimicrobial agent to reduce . Heidelberg attachment to turkey skin during poultry processing.
附着在家禽皮肤上是加工过程中胴体污染的一个主要来源。一旦附着在家禽皮肤上，由于病原体深深嵌在毛囊和皮肤缝隙中，就很难通过常用的抗菌剂将其分离并灭活。在商业和有机加工过程中，精油可能是合成抗菌剂天然、安全且有效的替代品。本研究评估了多香果（Lindl.）叶精油（PEO）及其纳米乳液在模拟烫毛（65°C）和冷却（4°C）步骤的家禽加工过程中减少海德堡沙门氏菌附着在火鸡皮肤上的效果。研究使用了一株来自2011年美国火鸡碎肉爆发疫情的耐多药海德堡沙门氏菌分离株。结果表明，PEO和纳米乳液显著减少了海德堡沙门氏菌附着在火鸡皮肤上。用1.0% PEO处理5分钟的火鸡皮肤样本，在65°C和4°C时分别使海德堡沙门氏菌减少>2 log CFU/平方英寸（n = 6；P < 0.05）。同样，用1.0%多香果纳米乳液（PNE）处理5分钟的皮肤样本，在65°C和4°C时分别使海德堡沙门氏菌减少1.5和1.8 log CFU/平方英寸（n = 6；P < 0.05）。此外，PEO和PNE在4°C和10°C短期储存（温度滥用）期间能有效减少皮肤上的海德堡沙门氏菌（n = 6；P < 0.05）。在含有0.5%或1.0% PEO或PNE的浸渍溶液中未检测到沙门氏菌，而大量病原体在对照浸渍溶液中存活。使用扫描电子显微镜和共聚焦显微镜技术对结果进行了验证。PEO或PNE可作为一种有效的抗菌剂，在家禽加工过程中减少海德堡沙门氏菌附着在火鸡皮肤上。
