Influence of Implant Position in Implant-Assisted Removable Partial Denture: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis.

PURPOSE

To determine the ideal position of a dental implant to assist a posterior extended partial removable dental prosthesis (PRDP), through stress values, displacement values, and deformation of periodontal ligament (PDL).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A finite element analysis of different implant positions was analyzed using a 3D mandible model from a human patient. Test models were created: model A (implant in second molar area), model B (implant in the first molar area), and model C (implant in premolar area). A control model without implant support was also created. Overall displacement values, von Mises stress distribution maps, and nonlinear deformations were evaluated.

RESULTS

Some differences could be observed between test models. The introduction of an implant in the edentulous area, unlike a conventional removable partial denture without implant support, decreases stress values in the biological structures such as: mandible, tooth, soft tissue, and PDL. Placing the implant in the first molar area resulted in improved displacement values, and reduced maximum stress values at the peri-implant bone area, metal structure, and implant were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

Within the limitations of this study we can conclude that placing the implant in the position of the first molar improves biomechanical behavior of implant-assisted PRDPs.