Benjamin Levich Institute and Department of Chemical Engineering, Steinman Hall, City College of New York, CUNY, New York, NY 10031, USA.
Soft Matter. 2018 Jan 3;14(2):170-184. doi: 10.1039/c7sm00761b.
Shear thickening is a phenomenon in which the viscosity of a suspension increases with increasing stress or shear rate, sometimes in a discontinuous fashion. While the phenomenon, when observed in suspensions of corn starch in water, or Oobleck, is popular as a science experiment for children, shear thickening is actually of considerable importance for technological applications and exhibited by far simpler systems. Concentrated suspensions of smooth hard spheres will exhibit shear thickening, and understanding this behavior has required a fundamental change in the paradigm of describing low-Reynolds-number solid-fluid flows, in which contact forces have traditionally been absent. Here, we provide an overview of our understanding of shear thickening and the methods that have been developed to describe it, as well as outstanding questions.
剪切变稠是一种现象，即在增加应力或剪切率时悬浮液的粘度会增加，有时会以不连续的方式增加。虽然当在水中或 Oobleck 的玉米淀粉悬浮液中观察到这种现象时，它作为儿童科学实验很受欢迎，但剪切变稠实际上对于技术应用非常重要，并且在更简单的系统中也有表现。光滑硬球的浓缩悬浮液将表现出剪切变稠，而理解这种行为需要对描述低雷诺数固液流动的范例进行根本性的改变，在这种范例中，传统上不存在接触力。在这里，我们提供了对剪切变稠的理解以及为描述它而开发的方法的概述，以及悬而未决的问题。
