Department of Psychology, Claremont McKenna College.
School of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University.
Psychol Aging. 2017 Dec;32(8):710-721. doi: 10.1037/pag0000207.
Research with young adults has shown hand proximity biases attention both early (by the time stimuli are categorized as relevant for action) and later, selectively for goal-relevant-stimuli. We examined age-related changes in this multisensory integration of vision and proprioception by comparing behavior and event-related potentials (ERPs) between younger and older adults. In a visual detection task, the hand was placed near or kept far from target and nontarget stimuli matched for frequency and visual features. Although a behavioral hand proximity effect-faster response times for stimuli appearing near the hand-was found for both age groups, a proportionately larger effect was found for younger adults. ERPs revealed age-related differences in the time course of the hand's effect on visual processing. Younger adults showed selective increases in contralateral N1 and parietal P3 amplitudes for targets near the hand, but older adults only showed hand effects at the P3 which were accompanied by concurrent neural activity in bilateral frontal regions. This neural pattern suggests that compared with younger adults, older adults may produce the behavioral hand proximity effect by integrating hand position and visual inputs relying more on later, task-related, frontal attentional mechanisms and less on early, posterior, multisensory integration. (PsycINFO Database Record
对年轻人的研究表明，手部接近度偏见会在早期（当刺激被归类为与行动相关时）和晚期选择性地影响目标相关刺激的注意力。我们通过比较年轻和年长成人的行为和事件相关电位（ERP），研究了这种视觉和本体感觉的多感觉整合随年龄的变化。在视觉检测任务中，手靠近或远离目标和非目标刺激，这些刺激在频率和视觉特征上相匹配。尽管两个年龄组都发现了手部接近度对刺激反应时间的行为效应，但年轻成人的效应比例更大。ERP 揭示了手部对视觉处理的影响在时间进程上的年龄相关差异。年轻成人在手部附近的目标上表现出对侧 N1 和顶叶 P3 振幅的选择性增加，但年长成人仅在手 P3 上表现出手部效应，同时伴有双侧额叶区域的同步神经活动。这种神经模式表明，与年轻成人相比，年长成人可能通过整合手部位置和视觉输入来产生行为性手部接近效应，更多地依赖后期、与任务相关的额叶注意力机制，而较少依赖早期、后部的多感觉整合。
