Sydney School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
The School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2018 Feb;26(2):200-208. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2017.07.008. Epub 2017 Nov 24.
Demographic, physical and psychological associations of successful aging (SA) have been evaluated, but occupational factors have not. Nor has SA been evaluated in a specific occupational group. The aims of this study were to examine the occupational associations of SA in older physicians, and to explore the concept of occupational SA.
Physicians aged 55+ years completed self-ratings of occupational and personal SA on a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS; 1 being "least successful" and 10 "most successful"). Associations between occupational and personal SA (defined as 8-10 on the VAS), respectively, and demographic and practice characteristics; health; social and financial resources; cognitive, emotional and motivational resources; work centrality; and anxiety about aging were examined.
Rates of occupational SA (69.2%; 95% CI: 66.3-72.0) were significantly higher than personal SA (63.1%; 95% CI: 60.1-66.0) in the sample of 1,048 physicians. Occupational and personal SA were strongly positively correlated (r = 0.73, N = 1,041, p < 0.001). Personal SA was predicted by demographic (older age, female, international medical graduate, urban practice), physical (better self-rated health), psychological (less depression, better cognitive, emotional and motivational resources, and greater anxiety about aging), and occupational (higher work centrality, fewer practice adaptations and not intending to retire) factors.
Occupational factors are central to physicians' self-conceptualization of SA. That greater work centrality, fewer work adaptations and less retirement planning were associated with personal SA suggests older physicians' sense of "success" is intertwined with continuing practice. There is a need for educating physicians to adapt to aging and retirement.
已经评估了与成功老龄化（SA）相关的人口统计学、身体和心理因素，但职业因素尚未被评估。也没有在特定职业群体中评估 SA。本研究的目的是检查老年医生中职业与 SA 的关系，并探讨职业 SA 的概念。
年龄在 55 岁以上的医生使用 10 点视觉模拟量表（VAS；1 表示“最不成功”，10 表示“最成功”）对职业和个人 SA 进行自我评估。分别评估职业和个人 SA（VAS 上的 8-10 分）与人口统计学和实践特征、健康、社会和经济资源、认知、情感和动机资源、工作中心性以及对衰老的焦虑之间的关系。
在 1048 名医生样本中，职业 SA 的发生率（69.2%；95%CI：66.3-72.0）明显高于个人 SA（63.1%；95%CI：60.1-66.0）。职业和个人 SA 呈高度正相关（r=0.73，N=1041，p<0.001）。个人 SA 由人口统计学（年龄较大、女性、国际医学毕业生、城市实践）、身体（自我评估的健康状况较好）、心理（抑郁程度较低、认知、情感和动机资源较好、对衰老的焦虑程度较高）和职业（工作中心性较高、工作适应较少、不打算退休）因素预测。
职业因素是医生对 SA 的自我概念化的核心。更大的工作中心性、更少的工作适应和更少的退休计划与个人 SA 相关，这表明老年医生的“成功”感与继续实践息息相关。有必要教育医生适应老龄化和退休。
